Acute liver failure diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions
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== Diagnostic Criteria == | == Diagnostic Criteria == | ||
* Acute liver failure is a sudden loss of [[hepatic]] function in a patient without any evidence of underlying liver disease.<ref name="pmid18318440">{{cite journal| author=Lee WM, Squires RH, Nyberg SL, Doo E, Hoofnagle JH| title=Acute liver failure: Summary of a workshop. | journal=Hepatology | year= 2008 | volume= 47 | issue= 4 | pages= 1401-15 | pmid=18318440 | doi=10.1002/hep.22177 | pmc=3381946 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18318440 }} </ref> | * Acute liver failure is a sudden loss of [[hepatic]] function in a patient without any evidence of underlying liver disease.<ref name="pmid18318440">{{cite journal| author=Lee WM, Squires RH, Nyberg SL, Doo E, Hoofnagle JH| title=Acute liver failure: Summary of a workshop. | journal=Hepatology | year= 2008 | volume= 47 | issue= 4 | pages= 1401-15 | pmid=18318440 | doi=10.1002/hep.22177 | pmc=3381946 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18318440 }} </ref> | ||
* Acute liver failure should be suspected in a patient with mental status changes, [[jaundice]], and right upper quadrant pain or nonspecific symptoms such as [[malaise]], nausea and fatigue of fewer than 26 weeks. The further evaluation should include [[liver function tests]] (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT], total and direct bilirubin, albumin) and prothrombin time/INR. | * Acute liver failure should be suspected in a patient with mental status changes, [[jaundice]], and right upper quadrant pain or nonspecific symptoms such as [[malaise]], nausea and fatigue of fewer than 26 weeks. The further evaluation should include [[liver function tests]] ([[AST|aspartate aminotransferase [AST]]], [[ALT|alanine aminotransferase [ALT]]], [[alkaline phosphatase]], [[Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase|gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT]]], total and direct [[bilirubin]], albumin) and [[Prothrombin time (PT)|prothrombin time/INR]]. | ||
* The diagnosis of acute liver failure is made in the presence of: | * The diagnosis of acute liver failure is made in the presence of: | ||
** [[Coagulopathy]] ( | ** [[Coagulopathy]] ([[INR|International normalized ratio [INR]]], >1.5) | ||
** [[Hepatic encephalopathy]] | ** [[Hepatic encephalopathy]] | ||
** Illness duration of fewer than 24 weeks | ** Illness duration of fewer than 24 weeks | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> |
Revision as of 22:17, 14 November 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Husnain Shaukat, M.D [2]
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Overview
Acute liver failure is a sudden loss of hepatic function in a patient without any evidence of underlying liver disease. The diagnosis of acute liver failure is made in the presence of coagulopathy (international normalized ratio [INR], >1.5), hepatic encephalopathy and illness duration of fewer than 24 weeks.
Diagnostic Criteria
- Acute liver failure is a sudden loss of hepatic function in a patient without any evidence of underlying liver disease.[1]
- Acute liver failure should be suspected in a patient with mental status changes, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain or nonspecific symptoms such as malaise, nausea and fatigue of fewer than 26 weeks. The further evaluation should include liver function tests (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT], total and direct bilirubin, albumin) and prothrombin time/INR.
- The diagnosis of acute liver failure is made in the presence of:
- Coagulopathy (International normalized ratio [INR], >1.5)
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Illness duration of fewer than 24 weeks
References
- ↑ Lee WM, Squires RH, Nyberg SL, Doo E, Hoofnagle JH (2008). "Acute liver failure: Summary of a workshop". Hepatology. 47 (4): 1401–15. doi:10.1002/hep.22177. PMC 3381946. PMID 18318440.