Oral cancer other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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==Oral Cancer Other Diagnostic Studies== | ==Oral Cancer Other Diagnostic Studies== | ||
===Biopsy=== | ===Biopsy=== | ||
Only a biopsy can give a definitive oral cancer diagnosis. The types of biopsies typically used for diagnosing oral cancers are: | * Only a biopsy can give a definitive oral cancer diagnosis. | ||
*Incisional [[biopsy]] | * The types of biopsies typically used for diagnosing oral cancers are: | ||
*[[Fine needle aspiration]] (FNA) | **Incisional [[biopsy]] | ||
**[[Fine needle aspiration]] (FNA) | |||
===Endoscopy=== | ===Endoscopy=== | ||
[[Endoscopy]] is used to examine areas inside the body for the diagnosis, staging and treatment of cancer. | * [[Endoscopy]] is used to examine areas inside the body for the diagnosis, staging and treatment of cancer. Endoscopy is used to: | ||
Endoscopy is used to: | **Detect cancer at an early stage | ||
*Detect cancer at an early stage | **Diagnose a oral cancer | ||
*Diagnose a oral cancer | **Take [[biopsies]] | ||
*Take [[biopsies]] | **Locate and remove cancerous (or pre-cancerous) tissue | ||
*Locate and remove cancerous (or pre-cancerous) tissue | **Determine if cancer has spread | ||
*Determine if cancer has spread | |||
===Indirect Pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy of oral cancer=== | ===Indirect Pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy of oral cancer=== | ||
Indirect pharyngoscopy and laryngoscoy to check for any signs of oral cancer and to examine the back of throat. People diagnosed with oral cancer are also at increased risk for other head and neck cancers, so a doctor will examine the nasopharynx. | * Indirect pharyngoscopy and laryngoscoy to check for any signs of oral cancer and to examine the back of throat. | ||
* People diagnosed with oral cancer are also at increased risk for other head and neck cancers, so a doctor will examine the nasopharynx. | |||
===Exfoliative cytology=== | ===Exfoliative cytology=== | ||
Exfoliative [[cytology]] may be used for diagnosis of oral cancer but some cancers may be missed, or may be confused with abnormal non-cancerous cells. | * Exfoliative [[cytology]] may be used for diagnosis of oral cancer but some cancers may be missed, or may be confused with abnormal non-cancerous cells. | ||
===Barium swallow=== | ===Barium swallow=== | ||
A [[barium swallow]] test may show any irregularities in the [[larynx]], [[pharynx]], mouth and surrounding areas, and can detect small, early oral tumors. | * A [[barium swallow]] test may show any irregularities in the [[larynx]], [[pharynx]], mouth and surrounding areas, and can detect small, early oral tumors. | ||
===HPV testing=== | ===HPV testing=== | ||
For cancers of the throat, biopsy samples are often tested to see if [[HPV]] infection is present. This information can help predict the probable course of the cancer, as people whose cancers are linked to HPV tend to do better than those whose cancers are not. | * For cancers of the throat, biopsy samples are often tested to see if [[HPV]] infection is present. | ||
* This information can help predict the probable course of the cancer, as people whose cancers are linked to HPV tend to do better than those whose cancers are not. | |||
===Bone scan=== | ===Bone scan=== | ||
Bone scan may be done to check if there are rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells, in the bone. | * Bone scan may be done to check if there are rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells, in the bone. | ||
===Dental Exam=== | ===Dental Exam=== | ||
If [[radiation]] is part of the treatment plan for oral cancer, a dental exam beforehand by a prosthodontist is usually recommended. | * If [[radiation]] is part of the treatment plan for oral cancer, a dental exam beforehand by a prosthodontist is usually recommended. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:42, 6 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]
Overview
Biopsy of the tumor tissue is diagnostic of oral cancer. Other diagnostic studies for oral cancer include endoscopy, indirect pharyngoscopy, laryngoscopy, exfoliative cytology, barium swallow, chest x-ray and bone scan.
Oral Cancer Other Diagnostic Studies
Biopsy
- Only a biopsy can give a definitive oral cancer diagnosis.
- The types of biopsies typically used for diagnosing oral cancers are:
- Incisional biopsy
- Fine needle aspiration (FNA)
Endoscopy
- Endoscopy is used to examine areas inside the body for the diagnosis, staging and treatment of cancer. Endoscopy is used to:
- Detect cancer at an early stage
- Diagnose a oral cancer
- Take biopsies
- Locate and remove cancerous (or pre-cancerous) tissue
- Determine if cancer has spread
Indirect Pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy of oral cancer
- Indirect pharyngoscopy and laryngoscoy to check for any signs of oral cancer and to examine the back of throat.
- People diagnosed with oral cancer are also at increased risk for other head and neck cancers, so a doctor will examine the nasopharynx.
Exfoliative cytology
- Exfoliative cytology may be used for diagnosis of oral cancer but some cancers may be missed, or may be confused with abnormal non-cancerous cells.
Barium swallow
- A barium swallow test may show any irregularities in the larynx, pharynx, mouth and surrounding areas, and can detect small, early oral tumors.
HPV testing
- For cancers of the throat, biopsy samples are often tested to see if HPV infection is present.
- This information can help predict the probable course of the cancer, as people whose cancers are linked to HPV tend to do better than those whose cancers are not.
Bone scan
- Bone scan may be done to check if there are rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells, in the bone.
Dental Exam
- If radiation is part of the treatment plan for oral cancer, a dental exam beforehand by a prosthodontist is usually recommended.