Pulmonary edema natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Overview

Some patients may need to use a breathing machine for a long time, which may lead to damage to lung tissue.Kidney failure and damage to other major organs may occur if blood and oxygen flow are not restored promptly. If not treated, this condition can be fatal. If left untreated, acute pulmonary edema can lead to coma and even death, generally due to its main complication of hypoxia.

Complications

Common complications of pulmonary edema include:

• Respiratory arrest

• Leg swelling(edema)
• Abdominal swelling(ascites)
• Pleural effusion
• Congestion & swelling of liver
• Acute heart attack (myocardial infarction [MI])
• Cardiogenic shock
• Arrhythmias
• Electrolyte disturbances
• Mesenteric insufficiency
• Protein enteropathy
• Death