Temporal arteritis physical examination

Temporal Arteritis Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]

Overview

Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].

Physical Examination

• The presence of temporal tenderness on physical examination is highly suggestive of temporal arteritis.

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with temporal arteritis usually appear in pain.

Vital Signs

• Vital signs are with in normal limits.

Skin

• Skin examination of patients with temporal is usually normal.

HEENT

• Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of sludging of blood in retinal arterioles, optic disc may show chalky white pallor and edema, with or without splinter hemorrhages, posterior ischemic (retrobulbar) optic neuropathy, central retinal artery occlusion, branch of retinal artery occlusion, and choroidal ischemia [78, 79, 80, 81] [82, 83]
• Tenderness upon palpation of the temporal region including erythema, nodularity, and thickening on affected side[67]
• Facial tenderness
• Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations [85] of temporal arteritis include the following:
  • Diplopia
  • Ptosis [86]
  • Nystagmus
  • Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) [87]
  • Pupillary abnormalities [88]

Neck

• Neck examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

Heart

• Cardiovascular examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

Abdomen

Abdominal examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

Back

• Back examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

Genitourinary

• Genitourinary examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

Extremities

• Extremities examination of patients with temporal arteritis is usually normal.

References

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