Cryoglobulinemia classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Cryoglobulinemia is classically grouped into three types according to the Brouet classification.<ref name="pmid4216269">{{cite journal |author=Brouet JC, Clauvel JP, Danon F, Klein M, Seligmann M |title=Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. A report of 86 cases |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=57 |issue=5 |pages=775–88 |year=1974 |pmid=4216269 |doi=}}</ref> | Cryoglobulinemia is classically grouped into three types according to the Brouet classification.<ref name="pmid4216269">{{cite journal |author=Brouet JC, Clauvel JP, Danon F, Klein M, Seligmann M |title=Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. A report of 86 cases |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=57 |issue=5 |pages=775–88 |year=1974 |pmid=4216269 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
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! colspan="3" |Types of cryoglobulinemia | |||
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| rowspan="3" |'''Associated diseases''' | |||
|Type 1 | |||
|Type 2 | |||
|Type 3 | |||
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* Lymphoproliferative or plasma proliferative disorders(LPD)> > > | |||
* Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) | |||
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===Type I=== | ===Type I=== | ||
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===Type II=== | ===Type II=== | ||
'''Type II''' is essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and the cryoglobulins are a polyclonal IgG and a momoclonal IgM rheumatoid factor directed against IgG. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), HIV and Hepatitis B have been implicated but the majority is due to Hepatitis C (HCV). <ref name="Ferri2002"/> | '''Type II''' is essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and the cryoglobulins are a polyclonal IgG and a momoclonal IgM rheumatoid factor directed against IgG. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), HIV and Hepatitis B have been implicated but the majority is due to Hepatitis C (HCV). <ref name="Ferri2002" /> | ||
===Type III=== | ===Type III=== | ||
Revision as of 19:31, 10 April 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Overview
Classification
Cryoglobulinemia is classically grouped into three types according to the Brouet classification.[1]
| Types of cryoglobulinemia | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Associated diseases | Type 1 | Type 2 | Type 3 |
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Type I
Type I is is a monoclonal immunoglobulin and is most commonly encountered in patients with a plasma cell dyscrasia such as multiple myeloma or Waldenström macroglobulinemia.[2] It can lead to a glomerulopathy that is distinct from light chain disease in amyloidosis.
Type II
Type II is essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and the cryoglobulins are a polyclonal IgG and a momoclonal IgM rheumatoid factor directed against IgG. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), HIV and Hepatitis B have been implicated but the majority is due to Hepatitis C (HCV). [2]
Type III
Type III is also a mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) where both the IgG and IgM are polyclonal. It is seen in various autoimmune disorders and lymphoreticular disease as well as hepatitis C in almost 50%. There is a 50% mortality rate at 15 years after diagnosis of MC.