Behçet's disease laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]

Overview

The laboratory tests used to diagnose Behçet's disease are a pathergy test, a skin biopsy, and a lumbar puncture.

Laboratory Findings

• Pathergy test: During this procedure, the skin of the forearm is pricked with a sterile needle. After 24~48 hours, a red nodule or pustule greater than two millimeters in diameter suggests positive and Behçet's syndrome.
• Skin biopsy: Skin biopsy is used to diagnose a skin condition such as a rash and exclude skin cancer. During the procedure, a thin slice off the top of the skin is taken and the lesions are removed.
• Lumbar puncture: When the presentation is a severe headache and head CT is normal, then lumbar puncture can be done to exclude other center nervous diseases of headache. During this procedure, the patient lies on the side, with knees pulled up toward the chest, and chin tucked downward. After injecting the anesthetic into the lower spine, the doctor inserts a spinal needle into the lower back area to measure CSF pressure and collect a sample.