Hyponatremia differential diagnosis

Hyponatremia Microchapters
Home
Patient information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Hyponatremia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiogram or Ultarsound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Hyponatremia differential diagnosis On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyponatremia differential diagnosis All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Hyponatremia differential diagnosis
CDC on Hyponatremia differential diagnosis
Hyponatremia differential diagnosis in the news
Blogs on Hyponatremia differential diagnosis
Directions to Hospitals Treating hyponatremia
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyponatremia differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saeedeh Kowsarnia M.D.[2] Iqra Qamar M.D.[3]

Overview

Hyponatremia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause

Differentiating Hyponatremia from other Diseases

Disease	Clinical manifestations											Paraclinical Findings
	Symptoms and Signs											Lab Findings
	Muscle weakness/ Cramps	Oliguria	Vomiting/ Diarrhea	Volume status	JVP	Edema	Crackles	Ascites	Tachycardia	Hypotension	Dry mucous membranes	CBC	Urine Analysis			Serum Osmolality	ADH levels
													Urine Na	Urine Osm	FeNa
Renal failure	+/-	+/-	-	Hypervolemic	+	+	+	+	-	-	-		>20	-	>1%	-	Normal or ↑
Congestive heart failure	+/-	-	-	Hypervolemic	+	+	+	+	-	-	-		<10	-	<1%	-	↑
Cirrhosis	+/-	-	-	Hypervolemic	+	+	+	+	-	-	-		<10	-	<1%	-	↑
SIADH	+/-	-	-	Euvolemic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	>100	-	-	↑
Hypothyroidism	+/-	-	-	Euvolemic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	>100	-	-	↑
Adrenal insufficiency	+/-	-	-	Euvolemic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	>100	-	-	↑
Psychogenic polydipsia	+/-	-	-	Euvolemic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	<100	-	-	↑
Beer drinker's potomania	+/-	-	-	Euvolemic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	<100	-	-	↓
Pregnancy	+/-	-	-	Euvolemic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	Variable	-	-	↓
Anorexia (Chronic malnutrition)	+/-	-	-	Euvolemic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		-	Variable	-	-	-
Diuretic induced hyponatremia	+/-	+	-	Hypovolemic	-	-	-	-	+	+	+		>20	-	>1%	-	-
Non oliguric ATN	+/-	-	-	Hypovolemic	-	-	-	-	+	+	+		>20	-	>1%	-	-
Diseases causing 3rd spacing (Pancreatitis, SBO)	+/-	+	+/-	Hypovolemic	-	-	-	-	+	+	+		<10	-	<1%	-	-
Gastroenteritis	+/-	+	+	Hypovolemic	-	-	-	-	+	+	+		<10	-	<1%	-	-
Sweating	+/-	+	-	Hypovolemic									<10	-	<1%	-	-
Pseudohyponatremia	+/-	-	-													Normal or ↑