Hypocalcemia physical examination: Difference between revisions
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{{Hypocalcemia}} | {{Hypocalcemia}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia depend on the degree of hypocalcaemia .Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include Chvostek's sign,Trousseau's sign and circumoral numbness. | |||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
* [[Tetany (medical sign)|Tetany]], | Physical examination of patients with hypocalcemia shows the following | ||
==== Appearance of the Patient ==== | |||
* Patients with hypocalcemia usually appear confused,disoriented,fatigue. | |||
==== Vital Signs ==== | |||
=== Skin === | |||
* Dry skin | |||
* Coarse hair | |||
* Brittle nails | |||
* Alopecia | |||
* Enamel hypoplasia | |||
* Shortened premolar roots | |||
* Thickened lamina dura | |||
* Delayed tooth eruption | |||
* Increased dental caries | |||
* Atopic eczema | |||
* Exfoliative dermatitis | |||
* Psoriasis | |||
* Impetigo herpetiformis | |||
* | |||
* [[Tetany (medical sign)|Tetany]], | |||
* Carpopedal spasm are seen. | |||
* Latent tetany | * Latent tetany | ||
** [[Trousseau sign of latent tetany]] (eliciting carpal spasm by inflating the [[blood pressure]] cuff and maintaining the cuff pressure above [[systolic]]) | ** [[Trousseau sign of latent tetany]] (eliciting carpal spasm by inflating the [[blood pressure]] cuff and maintaining the cuff pressure above [[systolic]]) | ||
Revision as of 20:11, 27 June 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia depend on the degree of hypocalcaemia .Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include Chvostek's sign,Trousseau's sign and circumoral numbness.
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with hypocalcemia shows the following
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with hypocalcemia usually appear confused,disoriented,fatigue.
Vital Signs
Skin
- Dry skin
- Coarse hair
- Brittle nails
- Alopecia
- Enamel hypoplasia
- Shortened premolar roots
- Thickened lamina dura
- Delayed tooth eruption
- Increased dental caries
- Atopic eczema
- Exfoliative dermatitis
- Psoriasis
- Impetigo herpetiformis
- Tetany,
- Carpopedal spasm are seen.
- Latent tetany
- Trousseau sign of latent tetany (eliciting carpal spasm by inflating the blood pressure cuff and maintaining the cuff pressure above systolic)
- Chvostek's sign (tapping of the inferior portion of the zygoma will produce facial spasms)
- Tendon reflexes are hyperactive
Clinical Features Associated with Hypocalcemia
- Abdominal pain
- Alopecia
- Anxiety
- Atopic eczema
- Biliary colic
- Brittle nails
- Bronchial spasm
- Calcification of cerebral cortex or cerebellum
- Cardiomyopathy
- Choreoathetosis
- Chvostek's sign
- Coarse hair
- Confusion
- Congestive heart failure
- Delayed tooth eruption
- Disorientation
- Dry skin
- Dysphagia
- Dyspnea
- Dystonic spasms
- Enamel hypoplasia
- Exfoliative dermatitis
- Extrapyramidal signs due to calcification of basal ganglia
- Fatigue
- Impaired intellectual ability
- Impetigo herpetiformis
- Increased dental caries
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Irritability
- Laryngeal spasm
- Muscle cramps
- Nonspecific EEG changes
- Papilledema
- Paresthesia
- Parkinsonism
- Personality disturbances
- Polymyositis
- Prolonged QT interval in EKG
- Psoriasis
- Psychoneurosis
- Psychosis
- Seizures (focal, petit mal, grand mal)
- Shortened premolar roots
- Subcapsular cataracts
- Tetany
- Thickened lamina dura
- Trousseau's sign
- Wheezing