Hypocalcemia natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

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Overview

The clinical presentation of hypocalcemia vary widely, ranges from asymptomatic symptoms to life-threatening complications.The main factors that influence the serum calcium levels are parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, the calcium ions, and phosphate.Hypocalcemia is commonly encountered in patients who are hospitalized. Undertreatment or improper treatment of hypocalcemic emergencies can lead to significant morbidity.Death is rare but has been reported in hypocalcemia patients.

Natural History

• The clinical presentation of hypocalcemia vary widely, ranges from asymptomatic symptoms to life-threatening complications.
• Parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, the calcium ions, and phosphate are the main regulators that influence the serum calcium levels.

Complications

• Life threatening complications
  • Laryngospasm
  • Cardiac arrhythmia