Sideroblastic anemia natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
* | * Majority of patients of sideroblastic anemia at the time of diagnosis shows erythroid abnormalities and ineffective erythropoiesis, | ||
* | * Granulocytic and/or megakaryocytic cell lines involvement is also common. | ||
* In the initial stages bone marrow reveal erythroid expansion with ineffective erythropoiesis | |||
* Progression to bone marrow failure occurs in the course of the disease | |||
* The next phase in natural history of sideroblastic anemia is iron overload and evolution to nonlymphocytic leukemia | |||
* The most common causes of death are related to complications of iron overload and evolution into ANLL..<ref name="pmid3337899">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cazzola M, Barosi G, Gobbi PG, Invernizzi R, Riccardi A, Ascari E |title=Natural history of idiopathic refractory sideroblastic anemia |journal=Blood |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=305–12 |date=February 1988 |pmid=3337899 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Common complications of sideroblastic anemia include | |||
* Secondry hemochromatosis | |||
* Thrombocytopenia | |||
* Growth retardation | |||
* Blindness | |||
* Deafness | |||
* Ineffective erythropoiesis | |||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
* Depending on the type of sideroblastic anemia the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as good<ref name="pmid3337899" />. | |||
* Sideroblastic anemia secondry to drugs or alcohol as underlying cause is associated with the most favorable prognosis. | |||
* (5-10%) of Severe refractory sideroblastic anemias associated with MDS undergo leukemic transformation. | |||
* AML markedly reduce life expectancy | |||
* Patients who do not need blood transfusions are likely to be long-term survivors. | |||
* The transfusion dependent are at risk of death from the complications of secondary hemochromatosis. . | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Overview
Natural History
- Majority of patients of sideroblastic anemia at the time of diagnosis shows erythroid abnormalities and ineffective erythropoiesis,
- Granulocytic and/or megakaryocytic cell lines involvement is also common.
- In the initial stages bone marrow reveal erythroid expansion with ineffective erythropoiesis
- Progression to bone marrow failure occurs in the course of the disease
- The next phase in natural history of sideroblastic anemia is iron overload and evolution to nonlymphocytic leukemia
- The most common causes of death are related to complications of iron overload and evolution into ANLL..[1]
Complications
Common complications of sideroblastic anemia include
- Secondry hemochromatosis
- Thrombocytopenia
- Growth retardation
- Blindness
- Deafness
- Ineffective erythropoiesis
Prognosis
- Depending on the type of sideroblastic anemia the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as good[1].
- Sideroblastic anemia secondry to drugs or alcohol as underlying cause is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
- (5-10%) of Severe refractory sideroblastic anemias associated with MDS undergo leukemic transformation.
- AML markedly reduce life expectancy
- Patients who do not need blood transfusions are likely to be long-term survivors.
- The transfusion dependent are at risk of death from the complications of secondary hemochromatosis. .