Hydrocephalus MRI: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Hydrocephalus}} | {{Hydrocephalus}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{SAH}} | ||
==MRI== | ==MRI== | ||
MRI | *The MRI findings are given below:<ref name="pmid27063662">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bradley WG |title=Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus |journal=Semin. Ultrasound CT MR |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=120–8 |date=April 2016 |pmid=27063662 |doi=10.1053/j.sult.2016.01.005 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Phase-contrast MRI to measure the volume of CSF flowing through the aqueduct in either direction over a cardiac cycle. | |||
*When this aqueductal CSF stroke volume is sufficiently elevated, there is an excellent chance of shunt responsiveness (100% positive predictive value in 1 study). | |||
*Idiopathic NPH appears to be a "two-hit" disease-benign external hydrocephalus (BEH) in infancy followed by DWMI in late adulthood. | |||
*As BEH occurs when the sutures are still open, these infants present with large heads, a finding also noted in patients with NPH. | |||
*Although BEH has been attributed to immature arachnoidal granulations with decreased CSF resorptive capacity, this now appears to be permanent and may lead to a parallel pathway for CSF resorption via the extracellular space of the brain. | |||
*With DWMI, the myelin lipid is lost, exposing the polar water molecules to myelin protein, increasing resistance to CSF outflow and leading to backing up of CSF and hydrocephalus. | |||
'''Marked Hyrocephalus''' | '''Marked Hyrocephalus''' | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
Revision as of 02:30, 23 August 2018
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hydrocephalus MRI |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Ahsan Hussain, M.D.[2]
MRI
- The MRI findings are given below:[1]
- Phase-contrast MRI to measure the volume of CSF flowing through the aqueduct in either direction over a cardiac cycle.
- When this aqueductal CSF stroke volume is sufficiently elevated, there is an excellent chance of shunt responsiveness (100% positive predictive value in 1 study).
- Idiopathic NPH appears to be a "two-hit" disease-benign external hydrocephalus (BEH) in infancy followed by DWMI in late adulthood.
- As BEH occurs when the sutures are still open, these infants present with large heads, a finding also noted in patients with NPH.
- Although BEH has been attributed to immature arachnoidal granulations with decreased CSF resorptive capacity, this now appears to be permanent and may lead to a parallel pathway for CSF resorption via the extracellular space of the brain.
- With DWMI, the myelin lipid is lost, exposing the polar water molecules to myelin protein, increasing resistance to CSF outflow and leading to backing up of CSF and hydrocephalus.
Marked Hyrocephalus
Aqueductal Stenosis
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Fetal MRI: Aqueductal stenosis -
Fetal MRI: Aqueductal stenosis -
Fetal MRI: Aqueductal stenosis -
Fetal MRI: Aqueductal stenosis -
Fetal MRI: Aqueductal stenosis
Diffusion MRI
It gives better visualisation of microstructral changes in periventricular white matter areas than conventional MRI[2]
References
- ↑ Bradley WG (April 2016). "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus". Semin. Ultrasound CT MR. 37 (2): 120–8. doi:10.1053/j.sult.2016.01.005. PMID 27063662.
- ↑ Hattingen E, Jurcoane A, Melber J; et al. (2010). "Diffusion tensor imaging in patients with adult chronic idiopathic hydrocephalus". Neurosurgery. 66 (5): 917–24. doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000367801.35654.EC. PMID 20404696. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)