Hairy cell leukemia physical examination: Difference between revisions
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=== Lungs === | === Lungs === | ||
* Pulmonary examination of patients with [[hairy cell leukemia]] | * Pulmonary examination of patients with [[hairy cell leukemia]] may be positive for [[pleural effusion]], but it is very rare finding.<ref name="GuzmanBross1991">{{cite journal|last1=Guzman|first1=Josune|last2=Bross|first2=Klaus J.|last3=Costabel|first3=Ulrich|title=Malignant lymphoma in pleural effusions: An immunocytochemical cell surface analysis|journal=Diagnostic Cytopathology|volume=7|issue=2|year=1991|pages=113–118|issn=87551039|doi=10.1002/dc.2840070202}}</ref><ref name="pmid182190642">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dinçol G, Doğan O, Küçükkaya RD, Gül E, Kahraman R, Ağan M |title=Hairy cell leukaemia presenting with ascites, pleural effusion and increased CA 125 serum level |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=23–6 |date=January 2008 |pmid=18219064 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3669749">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bouroncle BA |title=Unusual presentations and complications of hairy cell leukemia |journal=Leukemia |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=288–93 |date=April 1987 |pmid=3669749 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="RaffiMagadur1990">{{cite journal|last1=Raffi|first1=François|last2=Magadur|first2=Geneviève|last3=Fiche|first3=Maryse|last4=Merrien|first4=Dominique|last5=Barrier|first5=Jacques H.|last6=Grolleau|first6=Jean-Yves|title=Pleural Involvement in Hairy Cell Leukemia Response to Recombinant Interferon-Alpha|journal=Chest|volume=98|issue=6|year=1990|pages=1544|issn=00123692|doi=10.1378/chest.98.6.1544a}}</ref> | ||
* Left hemithorax | * Left hemithorax | ||
===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
* Palpable [[splenomegaly]] | * Palpable [[splenomegaly]] can be found in around 80-90% percent of patients with [[hairy cell leukemia]].<ref name="pmid7519510">{{cite journal |vauthors=Frassoldati A, Lamparelli T, Federico M, Annino L, Capnist G, Pagnucco G, Dini E, Resegotti L, Damasio EE, Silingardi V |title=Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 725 cases of the Italian Cooperative Group (ICGHCL). Italian Cooperative Group for Hairy Cell Leukemia |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=13 |issue=3-4 |pages=307–16 |date=April 1994 |pmid=7519510 |doi=10.3109/10428199409056295 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Hepatomegaly]] can be found in 20% of the patients with [[hairy cell leukemia]] | * [[Hepatomegaly]] can be found in 20% of the patients with [[hairy cell leukemia]].<ref name="pmid717940">{{cite journal |vauthors=Golomb HM, Catovsky D, Golde DW |title=Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 71 cases |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=89 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=677–83 |date=November 1978 |pmid=717940 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Massive [[Ascites]].<ref name="pmid18219064">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dinçol G, Doğan O, Küçükkaya RD, Gül E, Kahraman R, Ağan M |title=Hairy cell leukaemia presenting with ascites, pleural effusion and increased CA 125 serum level |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=23–6 |date=January 2008 |pmid=18219064 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid36697492">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bouroncle BA |title=Unusual presentations and complications of hairy cell leukemia |journal=Leukemia |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=288–93 |date=April 1987 |pmid=3669749 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * Massive [[Ascites]].<ref name="pmid18219064">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dinçol G, Doğan O, Küçükkaya RD, Gül E, Kahraman R, Ağan M |title=Hairy cell leukaemia presenting with ascites, pleural effusion and increased CA 125 serum level |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=23–6 |date=January 2008 |pmid=18219064 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid36697492">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bouroncle BA |title=Unusual presentations and complications of hairy cell leukemia |journal=Leukemia |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=288–93 |date=April 1987 |pmid=3669749 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 22:15, 7 January 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [3]
Overview
Physical examination of patients with hairy cell leukemia is usually remarkable for pallor, petechiae, and splenomegaly.
Physical Examination
The presence of palpable splenomegaly on physical examination is highly suggestive of hairy cell leukemia.[1]
Appearance of the Patient
- Hairy cell leukemia patients often appear cachectic.
Vital Signs
- Fever: when positive it's a sign of superimposed infection.
- Tachycardia with regular pulse.
Skin
Neck
- Lymphadenopathy can be found in 20% of the patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL).
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with hairy cell leukemia may be positive for pleural effusion, but it is very rare finding.[2][3][4][5]
- Left hemithorax
Abdomen
- Palpable splenomegaly can be found in around 80-90% percent of patients with hairy cell leukemia.[6]
- Hepatomegaly can be found in 20% of the patients with hairy cell leukemia.[7]
- Massive Ascites.[8][9]
References
- ↑ Somasundaram V, Purohit A, Aggarwal M, Manivannan P, Mishra P, Seth T, Tyagi S, Mahapatra M, Pati HP, Saxena R (October 2014). "Hairy cell leukemia: A decade long experience of North Indian Hematology Center". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 35 (4): 271–5. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.144988. PMC 4264273. PMID 25538404.
- ↑ Guzman, Josune; Bross, Klaus J.; Costabel, Ulrich (1991). "Malignant lymphoma in pleural effusions: An immunocytochemical cell surface analysis". Diagnostic Cytopathology. 7 (2): 113–118. doi:10.1002/dc.2840070202. ISSN 8755-1039.
- ↑ Dinçol G, Doğan O, Küçükkaya RD, Gül E, Kahraman R, Ağan M (January 2008). "Hairy cell leukaemia presenting with ascites, pleural effusion and increased CA 125 serum level". Neth J Med. 66 (1): 23–6. PMID 18219064.
- ↑ Bouroncle BA (April 1987). "Unusual presentations and complications of hairy cell leukemia". Leukemia. 1 (4): 288–93. PMID 3669749.
- ↑ Raffi, François; Magadur, Geneviève; Fiche, Maryse; Merrien, Dominique; Barrier, Jacques H.; Grolleau, Jean-Yves (1990). "Pleural Involvement in Hairy Cell Leukemia Response to Recombinant Interferon-Alpha". Chest. 98 (6): 1544. doi:10.1378/chest.98.6.1544a. ISSN 0012-3692.
- ↑ Frassoldati A, Lamparelli T, Federico M, Annino L, Capnist G, Pagnucco G, Dini E, Resegotti L, Damasio EE, Silingardi V (April 1994). "Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 725 cases of the Italian Cooperative Group (ICGHCL). Italian Cooperative Group for Hairy Cell Leukemia". Leuk. Lymphoma. 13 (3–4): 307–16. doi:10.3109/10428199409056295. PMID 7519510.
- ↑ Golomb HM, Catovsky D, Golde DW (November 1978). "Hairy cell leukemia: a clinical review based on 71 cases". Ann. Intern. Med. 89 (5 Pt 1): 677–83. PMID 717940.
- ↑ Dinçol G, Doğan O, Küçükkaya RD, Gül E, Kahraman R, Ağan M (January 2008). "Hairy cell leukaemia presenting with ascites, pleural effusion and increased CA 125 serum level". Neth J Med. 66 (1): 23–6. PMID 18219064.
- ↑ Bouroncle BA (April 1987). "Unusual presentations and complications of hairy cell leukemia". Leukemia. 1 (4): 288–93. PMID 3669749.