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== Placental Malaria == | == Placental Malaria == | ||
Recently, studies in malaria-endemic areas suggest that placental malaria (PM) may be associated with a dysregulation in angiopoietins. Increased levels of angiopoietin-1 appear to be associated with a decrease in placental weight and placental barrier thickness in women infected with ''Plasmodium'' (the causative agent of malaria).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ataíde|first=Ricardo|last2=Murillo|first2=Oscar|last3=Dombrowski|first3=Jamille G.|last4=Souza|first4=Rodrigo M.|last5=Lima|first5=Flávia A.|last6=Lima|first6=Giselle F. M. C.|last7=Hristov|first7=Angélica D.|last8=Valle|first8=Suiane C. N.|last9=Santi|first9=Silvia M. Di|date=2015-06-19|title=Malaria in Pregnancy Interacts with and Alters the Angiogenic Profiles of the Placenta|url=http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003824|journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases|volume=9|issue=6|pages=e0003824|doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003824|issn=1935-2735|pmc=4475015|pmid=26090803}}</ref> In a mouse model of PM, ''Plasmodium'' infection of pregnant mice led to decreased angiopoietin-1, increased angiopoietin-2, and an elevated ratio of angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 in the placenta.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Silver|first=Karlee L.|last2=Zhong|first2=Kathleen|last3=Leke|first3=Rose G. F.|last4=Taylor|first4=Diane Wallace|last5=Kain|first5=Kevin C.|date=2010-03-01|title=Dysregulation of angiopoietins is associated with placental malaria and low birth weight|journal=PLoS One|volume=5|issue=3|pages=e9481|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0009481|issn=1932-6203|pmc=2830425|pmid=20208992}}</ref> This suggests that angiopoietin levels could be clinically significant biomarkers to identify mothers infected with PM. | Recently, studies in malaria-endemic areas suggest that placental malaria (PM) may be associated with a dysregulation in angiopoietins. Increased levels of angiopoietin-1 appear to be associated with a decrease in placental weight and placental barrier thickness in women infected with ''Plasmodium'' (the causative agent of malaria).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ataíde|first=Ricardo|last2=Murillo|first2=Oscar|last3=Dombrowski|first3=Jamille G.|last4=Souza|first4=Rodrigo M.|last5=Lima|first5=Flávia A.|last6=Lima|first6=Giselle F. M. C.|last7=Hristov|first7=Angélica D.|last8=Valle|first8=Suiane C. N.|last9=Santi|first9=Silvia M. Di|date=2015-06-19|title=Malaria in Pregnancy Interacts with and Alters the Angiogenic Profiles of the Placenta|url=http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003824|journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases|volume=9|issue=6|pages=e0003824|doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003824|issn=1935-2735|pmc=4475015|pmid=26090803}}</ref> In a mouse model of PM, ''Plasmodium'' infection of pregnant mice led to decreased angiopoietin-1, increased angiopoietin-2, and an elevated ratio of angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 in the placenta.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Silver|first=Karlee L.|last2=Zhong|first2=Kathleen|last3=Leke|first3=Rose G. F.|last4=Taylor|first4=Diane Wallace|last5=Kain|first5=Kevin C.|date=2010-03-01|title=Dysregulation of angiopoietins is associated with placental malaria and low birth weight|journal=PLoS One|volume=5|issue=3|pages=e9481|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0009481|issn=1932-6203|pmc=2830425|pmid=20208992|bibcode=2010PLoSO...5.9481S}}</ref> This suggests that angiopoietin levels could be clinically significant biomarkers to identify mothers infected with PM. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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*{{cite journal | vauthors=Witzenbichler B, Maisonpierre PC, Jones P |title=Chemotactic properties of angiopoietin-1 and -2, ligands for the endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2 |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 29 |pages= 18514–21 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9660821 |doi=10.1074/jbc.273.29.18514 }} | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Witzenbichler B, Maisonpierre PC, Jones P |title=Chemotactic properties of angiopoietin-1 and -2, ligands for the endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2 |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 29 |pages= 18514–21 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9660821 |doi=10.1074/jbc.273.29.18514 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Sato A, Iwama A, Takakura N |title=Characterization of TEK receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligands, Angiopoietins, in human hematopoietic progenitor cells |journal=Int. Immunol. |volume=10 |issue= 8 |pages= 1217–27 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9723709 |doi=10.1093/intimm/10.8.1217 }} | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Sato A, Iwama A, Takakura N |title=Characterization of TEK receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligands, Angiopoietins, in human hematopoietic progenitor cells |journal=Int. Immunol. |volume=10 |issue= 8 |pages= 1217–27 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9723709 |doi=10.1093/intimm/10.8.1217 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Valenzuela DM, Griffiths JA, Rojas J |title=Angiopoietins 3 and 4: diverging gene counterparts in mice and humans |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=96 |issue= 5 |pages= 1904–9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10051567 |doi=10.1073/pnas.96.5.1904 | pmc=26709 }} | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Valenzuela DM, Griffiths JA, Rojas J |title=Angiopoietins 3 and 4: diverging gene counterparts in mice and humans |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=96 |issue= 5 |pages= 1904–9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10051567 |doi=10.1073/pnas.96.5.1904 | pmc=26709 |bibcode=1999PNAS...96.1904V }} | ||
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Grosios K, Leek JP, Markham AF |title=Assignment of ANGPT4, ANGPT1, and ANGPT2 encoding angiopoietins 4, 1 and 2 to human chromosome bands 20p13, 8q22.3→q23 and 8p23.1, respectively, by in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=84 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 118–20 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10343124 |doi=10.1159/000015235 }} | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Grosios K, Leek JP, Markham AF |title=Assignment of ANGPT4, ANGPT1, and ANGPT2 encoding angiopoietins 4, 1 and 2 to human chromosome bands 20p13, 8q22.3→q23 and 8p23.1, respectively, by in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=84 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 118–20 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10343124 |doi=10.1159/000015235 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Procopio WN, Pelavin PI, Lee WM, Yielding NM |title=Angiopoietin-1 and -2 coiled coil domains mediate distinct homo-oligomerization patterns, but fibrinogen-like domains mediate ligand activity |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 42 |pages= 30196–201 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10514510 |doi=10.1074/jbc.274.42.30196 }} | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Procopio WN, Pelavin PI, Lee WM, Yielding NM |title=Angiopoietin-1 and -2 coiled coil domains mediate distinct homo-oligomerization patterns, but fibrinogen-like domains mediate ligand activity |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 42 |pages= 30196–201 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10514510 |doi=10.1074/jbc.274.42.30196 }} | ||
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Angiopoietin 1 is a type of angiopoietin and is encoded by the gene ANGPT1.
Angiopoietins are proteins with important roles in vascular development and angiogenesis. All angiopoietins bind with similar affinity to an endothelial cell-specific tyrosine-protein kinase receptor. The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted glycoprotein that activates the receptor by inducing its tyrosine phosphorylation. It plays a critical role in mediating reciprocal interactions between the endothelium and surrounding matrix and mesenchyme. The protein also contributes to blood vessel maturation and stability, and may be involved in early development of the heart.[1] During pregnancy, angiopoietins act complimentary to the VEGF system and contribute to endothelial cell survival and the remodeling of vessels. Few studies have examined the role of angiopoietins in human pregnancy complications like preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
A knockout model of ANGPT1 was introduced in mice embryos. Results showed that embryos began to appear abnormal by day 11 and were dead by day 12.5 of pregnancy. The embryos showed prominent defects in endocardial and myocardial development as well as a less complex vascular network.
Interactions
Angiopoietin 1 has been shown to interact with TEK tyrosine kinase.[4][5][6][7]
Placental Malaria
Recently, studies in malaria-endemic areas suggest that placental malaria (PM) may be associated with a dysregulation in angiopoietins. Increased levels of angiopoietin-1 appear to be associated with a decrease in placental weight and placental barrier thickness in women infected with Plasmodium (the causative agent of malaria).[8] In a mouse model of PM, Plasmodium infection of pregnant mice led to decreased angiopoietin-1, increased angiopoietin-2, and an elevated ratio of angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 in the placenta.[9] This suggests that angiopoietin levels could be clinically significant biomarkers to identify mothers infected with PM.
See also
References
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: ANGPT1 angiopoietin 1".
- ↑ Suri, Chitra; Jones, Pamela F; Patan, Sybill; Bartunkova, Sona; Maisonpierre, Peter C; Davis, Samuel; Sato, Thomas N; Yancopoulos, George D (1996). "Requisite Role of Angiopoietin-1, a Ligand for the TIE2 Receptor, during Embryonic Angiogenesis". Cell. 87 (7): 1171. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81813-9. PMID 8980224.
- ↑ Kappou D, Sifakis S, Konstantinidou A, et al. Role of angiopoietin/Tie system in pregnancy.Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2015; 9(4): 1091-1096.
- ↑ Fiedler, Ulrike; Krissl, Tanja; Koidl, Stefanie; Weiss, Cornelia; Koblizek, Thomas; Deutsch, Urban; Martiny-Baron, Georg; Marmé, Dieter; Augustin, Hellmut G (Jan 2003). "Angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 share the same binding domains in the Tie-2 receptor involving the first Ig-like loop and the epidermal growth factor-like repeats". J. Biol. Chem. United States. 278 (3): 1721–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208550200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12427764.
- ↑ Davis, S; Aldrich, T H; Jones, P F; Acheson, A; Compton, D L; Jain, V; Ryan, T E; Bruno, J; Radziejewski, C; Maisonpierre, P C; Yancopoulos, G D (Dec 1996). "Isolation of angiopoietin-1, a ligand for the TIE2 receptor, by secretion-trap expression cloning". Cell. United States. 87 (7): 1161–9. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81812-7. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 8980223.
- ↑ Sato, A; Iwama A; Takakura N; Nishio H; Yancopoulos G D; Suda T (Aug 1998). "Characterization of TEK receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligands, Angiopoietins, in human hematopoietic progenitor cells". Int. Immunol. ENGLAND. 10 (8): 1217–27. doi:10.1093/intimm/10.8.1217. ISSN 0953-8178. PMID 9723709.
- ↑ Maisonpierre, P C; Suri, C; Jones, P F; Bartunkova, S; Wiegand, S J; Radziejewski, C; Compton, D; McClain, J; Aldrich, T H; Papadopoulos, N; Daly, T J; Davis, S; Sato, T N; Yancopoulos, G D (Jul 1997). "Angiopoietin-2, a natural antagonist for Tie2 that disrupts in vivo angiogenesis". Science. UNITED STATES. 277 (5322): 55–60. doi:10.1126/science.277.5322.55. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9204896.
- ↑ Ataíde, Ricardo; Murillo, Oscar; Dombrowski, Jamille G.; Souza, Rodrigo M.; Lima, Flávia A.; Lima, Giselle F. M. C.; Hristov, Angélica D.; Valle, Suiane C. N.; Santi, Silvia M. Di (2015-06-19). "Malaria in Pregnancy Interacts with and Alters the Angiogenic Profiles of the Placenta". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 9 (6): e0003824. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003824. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 4475015. PMID 26090803.
- ↑ Silver, Karlee L.; Zhong, Kathleen; Leke, Rose G. F.; Taylor, Diane Wallace; Kain, Kevin C. (2010-03-01). "Dysregulation of angiopoietins is associated with placental malaria and low birth weight". PLoS One. 5 (3): e9481. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.9481S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009481. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2830425. PMID 20208992.
External links
- Human ANGPT1 genome location and ANGPT1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Further reading
- Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H (2003). "Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones". DNA Res. 9 (3): 99–106. doi:10.1093/dnares/9.3.99. PMID 12168954.
- Metheny-Barlow LJ, Li LY (2004). "The enigmatic role of angiopoietin-1 in tumor angiogenesis". Cell Res. 13 (5): 309–17. doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290176. PMID 14672554.
- Makinde T, Murphy RF, Agrawal DK (2007). "Immunomodulatory role of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1 in airway remodeling". Curr. Mol. Med. 6 (8): 831–41. doi:10.2174/156652406779010795. PMID 17168735.
- Nomura N, Miyajima N, Sazuka T (1995). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1". DNA Res. 1 (1): 27–35. doi:10.1093/dnares/1.1.27. PMID 7584026.
- Nomura N, Miyajima N, Sazuka T (1995). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1 (supplement)". DNA Res. 1 (1): 47–56. doi:10.1093/dnares/1.1.47. PMID 7584028.
- Rüegg C, Pytela R (1995). "Sequence of a human transcript expressed in T-lymphocytes and encoding a fibrinogen-like protein". Gene. 160 (2): 257–62. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(95)00240-7. PMID 7642106.
- Davis S, Aldrich TH, Jones PF (1997). "Isolation of angiopoietin-1, a ligand for the TIE2 receptor, by secretion-trap expression cloning". Cell. 87 (7): 1161–9. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81812-7. PMID 8980223.
- Suri C, Jones PF, Patan S (1997). "Requisite role of angiopoietin-1, a ligand for the TIE2 receptor, during embryonic angiogenesis". Cell. 87 (7): 1171–80. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81813-9. PMID 8980224.
- Maisonpierre PC, Suri C, Jones PF (1997). "Angiopoietin-2, a natural antagonist for Tie2 that disrupts in vivo angiogenesis". Science. 277 (5322): 55–60. doi:10.1126/science.277.5322.55. PMID 9204896.
- Ristimäki A, Narko K, Enholm B (1998). "Proinflammatory cytokines regulate expression of the lymphatic endothelial mitogen vascular endothelial growth factor-C". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (14): 8413–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.14.8413. PMID 9525952.
- Cheung AH, Stewart RJ, Marsden PA (1998). "Endothelial Tie2/Tek ligands angiopoietin-1 (ANGPT1) and angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2): regional localization of the human genes to 8q22.3-q23 and 8p23". Genomics. 48 (3): 389–91. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5207. PMID 9545648.
- Witzenbichler B, Maisonpierre PC, Jones P (1998). "Chemotactic properties of angiopoietin-1 and -2, ligands for the endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (29): 18514–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.29.18514. PMID 9660821.
- Sato A, Iwama A, Takakura N (1998). "Characterization of TEK receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligands, Angiopoietins, in human hematopoietic progenitor cells". Int. Immunol. 10 (8): 1217–27. doi:10.1093/intimm/10.8.1217. PMID 9723709.
- Valenzuela DM, Griffiths JA, Rojas J (1999). "Angiopoietins 3 and 4: diverging gene counterparts in mice and humans". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (5): 1904–9. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.1904V. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.1904. PMC 26709. PMID 10051567.
- Grosios K, Leek JP, Markham AF (1999). "Assignment of ANGPT4, ANGPT1, and ANGPT2 encoding angiopoietins 4, 1 and 2 to human chromosome bands 20p13, 8q22.3→q23 and 8p23.1, respectively, by in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 84 (1–2): 118–20. doi:10.1159/000015235. PMID 10343124.
- Procopio WN, Pelavin PI, Lee WM, Yielding NM (1999). "Angiopoietin-1 and -2 coiled coil domains mediate distinct homo-oligomerization patterns, but fibrinogen-like domains mediate ligand activity". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (42): 30196–201. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.42.30196. PMID 10514510.
- Huang YQ, Li JJ, Karpatkin S (2000). "Identification of a family of alternatively spliced mRNA species of angiopoietin-1". Blood. 95 (6): 1993–9. PMID 10706866.
- Kim I, Kim JH, Ryu YS (2000). "Characterization and expression of a novel alternatively spliced human angiopoietin-2". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (24): 18550–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M910084199. PMID 10766762.
- Dunk C, Shams M, Nijjar S (2000). "Angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 activate trophoblast Tie-2 to promote growth and migration during placental development". Am. J. Pathol. 156 (6): 2185–99. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65089-4. PMC 1850068. PMID 10854239.
- Krikun G, Schatz F, Finlay T (2000). "Expression of angiopoietin-2 by human endometrial endothelial cells: regulation by hypoxia and inflammation". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 275 (1): 159–63. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3277. PMID 10944458.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.