Rhabdomyosarcoma epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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**Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma peaks in 0 to 4 year age group at approximately 0.4 cases per 100,000 children, with a lower rate in adolescents, approximately 0.15 cases per 100,000 adolescents. | **Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma peaks in 0 to 4 year age group at approximately 0.4 cases per 100,000 children, with a lower rate in adolescents, approximately 0.15 cases per 100,000 adolescents. | ||
**Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: The incidence of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma does not vary by gender and is constant from ages 0 to 19 years at approximately 0.1 case per 100,000 children and adolescents. | **Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: The incidence of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma does not vary by gender and is constant from ages 0 to 19 years at approximately 0.1 case per 100,000 children and adolescents. | ||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate | |||
* In patients with localized disease, the estimated 5-year survival rate is greater than 80% after using surgery,radiation therapy, and chemotherapy for treatment.<ref name="pmid15712283">{{cite journal| author=Punyko JA, Mertens AC, Baker KS, Ness KK, Robison LL, Gurney JG| title=Long-term survival probabilities for childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. A population-based evaluation. | journal=Cancer | year= 2005 | volume= 103 | issue= 7 | pages= 1475-83 | pmid=15712283 | doi=10.1002/cncr.20929 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15712283 }} </ref> | |||
* In patients with metastatic lesions, the estimated 5-year event-free survival is less than 30%.<ref name="pmid18467730">{{cite journal| author=Oberlin O, Rey A, Lyden E, Bisogno G, Stevens MC, Meyer WH et al.| title=Prognostic factors in metastatic rhabdomyosarcomas: results of a pooled analysis from United States and European cooperative groups. | journal=J Clin Oncol | year= 2008 | volume= 26 | issue= 14 | pages= 2384-9 | pmid=18467730 | doi=10.1200/JCO.2007.14.7207 | pmc=4558625 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18467730 }} </ref> | |||
* The 3-year event-free survival rate for patients with metastatic lesions without high risk factors (bone marrow involvement, unfavorable site, more than 3 sites, and age younger than 1 year or older than 10 years)is approximately 50%. | |||
* The 3-year event-free survival rate for patients with metastatic lesions with 3 high risk factors is about 12% and with 4 high risk factors is 5%. | |||
* The 5-year survival rate is 86% for orbital site, 80% for genitourinary site, 50% for extremities, 52% for retroperitoneum and trunk. | |||
* The 5-year survival rate is 77% for patients aged 1-4 years, 47% for infants and 48% for adolescents.<ref name="pmid15895378">{{cite journal| author=Mazzoleni S, Bisogno G, Garaventa A, Cecchetto G, Ferrari A, Sotti G et al.| title=Outcomes and prognostic factors after recurrence in children and adolescents with nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma. | journal=Cancer | year= 2005 | volume= 104 | issue= 1 | pages= 183-90 | pmid=15895378 | doi=10.1002/cncr.21138 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15895378 }} </ref> | |||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
Revision as of 19:40, 10 January 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Rhabdomyosarcoma is considered as a most common soft tissue cancers among children and adolescents and it is the third most common extracranial solid tumors during childhood which comes after neuroblastomaand wilms tumor.[1][2]
- Rhabdomyosarcoma is responsible for 50% of soft tissue tumors during childhood and 5% of all pediatrics cancers.[3]
- Almost 350 new cases of rhabdomyosarcoma are diagnosed annually.[1]
Incidence
- The incidence of rhabdomyosarcomais about 0.43 per 100,000 annually among children,adolescents, and young adults under 20 years old.[1]
- The incidence may depend on the histologic subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma:[4]
- Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma peaks in 0 to 4 year age group at approximately 0.4 cases per 100,000 children, with a lower rate in adolescents, approximately 0.15 cases per 100,000 adolescents.
- Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: The incidence of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma does not vary by gender and is constant from ages 0 to 19 years at approximately 0.1 case per 100,000 children and adolescents.
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- In patients with localized disease, the estimated 5-year survival rate is greater than 80% after using surgery,radiation therapy, and chemotherapy for treatment.[5]
- In patients with metastatic lesions, the estimated 5-year event-free survival is less than 30%.[6]
- The 3-year event-free survival rate for patients with metastatic lesions without high risk factors (bone marrow involvement, unfavorable site, more than 3 sites, and age younger than 1 year or older than 10 years)is approximately 50%.
- The 3-year event-free survival rate for patients with metastatic lesions with 3 high risk factors is about 12% and with 4 high risk factors is 5%.
- The 5-year survival rate is 86% for orbital site, 80% for genitourinary site, 50% for extremities, 52% for retroperitoneum and trunk.
- The 5-year survival rate is 77% for patients aged 1-4 years, 47% for infants and 48% for adolescents.[7]
Age
In general, rhabdomyosarcoma tends to affect individuals less than 45 years of age.
- Rhabdomyosarcoma is most commonly seen in children aged one to five years old. Overall, 65% of all rhabdomyosarcomas are diagnosed in patients under 10 years old.
- Less commonly, it can also present in teens aged 15 to 19, and can even develop in adulthood, though this is even more rare.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Dasgupta R, Fuchs J, Rodeberg D (2016). "Rhabdomyosarcoma". Semin Pediatr Surg. 25 (5): 276–283. doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.09.011. PMID 27955730.
- ↑ Arndt CA, Crist WM (1999). "Common musculoskeletal tumors of childhood and adolescence". N Engl J Med. 341 (5): 342–52. doi:10.1056/NEJM199907293410507. PMID 10423470.
- ↑ Dasgupta R, Rodeberg DA (2012). "Update on rhabdomyosarcoma". Semin Pediatr Surg. 21 (1): 68–78. doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2011.10.007. PMID 22248972.
- ↑ Ognjanovic S, Linabery AM, Charbonneau B, Ross JA (2009). "Trends in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma incidence and survival in the United States, 1975-2005". Cancer. 115 (18): 4218–26. doi:10.1002/cncr.24465. PMC 2953716. PMID 19536876.
- ↑ Punyko JA, Mertens AC, Baker KS, Ness KK, Robison LL, Gurney JG (2005). "Long-term survival probabilities for childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. A population-based evaluation". Cancer. 103 (7): 1475–83. doi:10.1002/cncr.20929. PMID 15712283.
- ↑ Oberlin O, Rey A, Lyden E, Bisogno G, Stevens MC, Meyer WH; et al. (2008). "Prognostic factors in metastatic rhabdomyosarcomas: results of a pooled analysis from United States and European cooperative groups". J Clin Oncol. 26 (14): 2384–9. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.14.7207. PMC 4558625. PMID 18467730.
- ↑ Mazzoleni S, Bisogno G, Garaventa A, Cecchetto G, Ferrari A, Sotti G; et al. (2005). "Outcomes and prognostic factors after recurrence in children and adolescents with nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma". Cancer. 104 (1): 183–90. doi:10.1002/cncr.21138. PMID 15895378.