Scrotal mass differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
The table below summarizes the findings that differentiates scrotal mass according to the clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging features, histological features, and genetic studies.<ref name="Unilateraltesticularlesions1">Unilateral testicular lesions. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Vinod G Maller et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/unilateral-testicular-lesions. Accessed on March 15, 2016</ref><ref name="Bilateraltesticularlesions1">Bilateral testicular lesions. Radiopaedia 2016. Dr Matt A. Morgan and Dr Vinod G Maller et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/bilateral-testicular-lesions. Accessed on March 15, 2016</ref>
The table below summarizes the findings that differentiates scrotal mass according to the clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging features, histological features, and genetic studies.
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |_
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Pyuria
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Hydrocele]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Hydrocele]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Acute]] infection is characterized by infiltration of [[neutrophils]]. [[Chronic]] cases of epididymoorchitis, such as in [[sarcoidosis]] or [[tuberculosis]], are characterized by [[granulomatous]] [[inflammation]].
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* [[Acute]] infection is characterized by infiltration of [[neutrophils]].
* [[Chronic]] cases are characterized by [[granulomatous]] [[inflammation]].
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Color Doppler ultrasound
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Unilateral
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Unilateral
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Sudden
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Sudden
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |_
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |_
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Absent or decreased arterial perfusion of the testis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Color Doppler ultrasound
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
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| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Torsion of testicular appendix
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Torsion of testicular appendix
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Unilateral
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Sudden
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |_
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |_
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Absent or decreased arterial perfusion of the testis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Color Doppler ultrasound
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |prepubertal period
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|-
|-
|[[Hematocele]]
|[[Hematocele]]

Revision as of 16:39, 23 January 2019

Scrotal Mass Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

Scrotal masses may be differentiated according to clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging features, histological features, and genetic studies from other diseases that cause testicular mass with discomfort, back pain, abdominal discomfort, or abdominal mass. Common differential diagnoses include yolk sac tumor, teratoma, choriocarcinoma, embryonal cell carcinoma, seminoma, and testicular lymphoma (usually non-Hodgkin lymphoma).

Differential Diagnosis

The table below summarizes the findings that differentiates scrotal mass according to the clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging features, histological features, and genetic studies.

Scrotal Swelling Diseases Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Associated
Painful Symptoms Physical examination
Lab Findings Past Medical History Histopathology
Unilateral /Bilateral swelling Onset Fever Urinary symptoms Tenderness Erythema Discharge Inguinal Lymphadenopathy Cremasteric Reflex Urine Analysis Doppler U/S
Epididymoorchitis[1] Unilateral Gradual ± Dysuria, frequency, and/or urgency + _ Pyuria Hydrocele Color Doppler ultrasound
Testicular Torsion Unilateral Sudden - + + _ _ Normal Absent or decreased arterial perfusion of the testis Color Doppler ultrasound
Torsion of testicular appendix Unilateral Sudden - + + _ _ Normal Absent or decreased arterial perfusion of the testis Color Doppler ultrasound prepubertal period
Hematocele +
Incarcerated Hernia -
Testicular Abcess -
Brucellosis -
Mumps -
Histoplasma
Gonorrhea
Fournier's gangrene
Scrotal Swelling Diseases Unilateral /Bilateral swelling Lab 3 Fever Urinary symptoms Tenderness Erythema Discharge Inguinal Lymphadenopathy Cremasteric Reflex Urine Analysis Doppler U/S Past Medical History Histopathology Gold standard Additional findings
Painless Fragile XMacroorchidism - +
Testicular Tumors - +
Henoch-Schonlein purpura - -
Hydrocele - -
Varicocele - -
Spermatocele - -
Inguino-scrotal hernia - -
Scrotal edema - -
Epididymal cyst
Scrotal oedema
Sebaceous cyst
Carcinoma of the scrotum
Chylocele (Filariasis)
Cystic dysplasia
Srotoliths

References

  1. ↑ Yu KJ, Wang TM, Chen HW, Wang HH (2012). "The dilemma in the diagnosis of acute scrotum: clinical clues for differentiating between testicular torsion and epididymo-orchitis". Chang Gung Med J. 35 (1): 38–45. PMID 22483426.
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