Testicular cancer differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="2" |Physical examination | ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="2" |Physical examination | ||
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lab | ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lab findings | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging | ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging | ||
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* Areas of hemorrhage and necrosis | * Areas of hemorrhage and necrosis | ||
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| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Teratoma | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Teratoma<ref name="pmid377749">{{cite journal| author=Brosman SA| title=Testicular tumors in prepubertal children. | journal=Urology | year= 1979 | volume= 13 | issue= 6 | pages= 581-8 | pmid=377749 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=377749 }}</ref> | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Benign | * Benign | ||
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* Uncommon in benign ones among prepubertal men | * Uncommon in benign ones among prepubertal men | ||
* Common in malignant ones among postpubertal | * Common in malignant ones among postpubertal ones | ||
* Metastasis may be teratomatous | |||
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* Chromosome 12p mutations | * Chromosome 12p mutations | ||
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* Large, heterogeneous appearance | * Large, heterogeneous appearance | ||
* Presence of at least 2 germ layers | * Presence of at least 2 germ layers | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |- | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | - | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+ | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | + | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Palpable mass | * Palpable mass | ||
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* Elevated serum hCG | * Elevated serum hCG | ||
* Elevated serum AFP | * Elevated serum AFP | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Ultrasound: | ||
* Heterogeneous, cystic appearance | |||
* Irregular calcifications | |||
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| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Choriocarcinoma | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Choriocarcinoma |
Revision as of 19:53, 23 January 2019
Testicular cancer Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Testicular cancer differential diagnosis On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Testicular cancer differential diagnosis |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Testicular cancer differential diagnosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [2]
Overview
Testicular cancer must be differentiated from epididymitis, hematocele, hydrocele, spermatocele, granulomatous orchitis, and varicocele.
Differentiating Testicular cancer from other Diseases
Testicular cancer must be differentiated from:
Diseases | Benign/ Malignant | Unilateral/Bilateral | History | Demography | Metastasis | Genetics | Histopathology | Clinical manifestations | Para-clinical findings | ||||
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Pain | Mass | Physical examination | |||||||||||
Lab findings | Imaging | ||||||||||||
Germ Cell | Seminoma[1][2] |
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Stains positively for:
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Ultrasound:
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Embryonal carcinoma[3] |
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Early metastasis to:
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Stains positively for:
May stain positively for :
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Ultrasound:
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Yolk sac tumor[4][5] |
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Stains positively for:
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Ultrasound:
MRI:
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Teratoma[6] |
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History of congenital disease such as:
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Stains positively for:
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Ultrasound:
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Choriocarcinoma | |||||||||||||
Diseases | Benign/ Malignant | Unilateral/Bilateral | History | Demography | Metastasis | Genetics | Histopathology | Pain | Mass | Physical exam | Lab Findings | Imaging | |
Non germ cell | Leydig cell tumor | ||||||||||||
Sertoli cell tumor | |||||||||||||
Testicular lymphoma | |||||||||||||
Carcinoma in situ of the testicle |
References
- ↑ Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2016). "Cancer statistics, 2016". CA Cancer J Clin. 66 (1): 7–30. doi:10.3322/caac.21332. PMID 26742998.
- ↑ Miller FH, Whitney WS, Fitzgerald SW, Miller EI (1999). "Seminomas complicating undescended intraabdominal testes in patients with prior negative findings from surgical exploration". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172 (2): 425–8. doi:10.2214/ajr.172.2.9930796. PMID 9930796.
- ↑ Ishida M, Hasegawa M, Kanao K, Oyama M, Nakajima Y (2009). "Non-palpable testicular embryonal carcinoma diagnosed by ultrasound: a case report". Jpn J Clin Oncol. 39 (2): 124–6. doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn141. PMID 19066212.
- ↑ Howitt BE, Berney DM (2015). "Tumors of the Testis: Morphologic Features and Molecular Alterations". Surg Pathol Clin. 8 (4): 687–716. doi:10.1016/j.path.2015.07.007. PMID 26612222.
- ↑ Magers MJ, Kao CS, Cole CD, Rice KR, Foster RS, Einhorn LH; et al. (2014). ""Somatic-type" malignancies arising from testicular germ cell tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 124 cases with emphasis on glandular tumors supporting frequent yolk sac tumor origin". Am J Surg Pathol. 38 (10): 1396–409. doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000000262. PMID 24921638.
- ↑ Brosman SA (1979). "Testicular tumors in prepubertal children". Urology. 13 (6): 581–8. PMID 377749.