Cervical cancer differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nima Nasiri, M.D.[2]

Overview

Cervical cancer must be differentiated from other diseases that cause abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as cervical polyp, cervical leiomyoma, invasion of the cervix from primary uterine malignancy, vaginal cancer, cervical lymphoma, metastases to cervix, and cervical ectopic pregnancy.

Cervical cancer differential diagnosis

• Cervical cancer must be differentiated from a mass involving the cervix, and causing abnormal vaginal bleeding:

• Cervical polyp
• Cervical leiomyoma
• Cervical lymphoma
• Cervical sarcoma

• Metastases to the cervix
• Cervical ectopic pregnancy
• Cervical polyp
• Cervicitis
• Cervical erosion ( Ectropion )
• IUD use
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Endometriosis
• Adenomyosis
• Postcoital bleeding
• Clear cell adenocarcinoma

Diseases	Clinical manifestations																	Para-clinical findings								Gold standard	Additional findings
	Symptoms														Physical exam			Lab Findings				Imaging			Histopathology
	Prolonged menstrual bleeding	Heavy menstrual bleeding	Postcoital bleeding	Premenopausal bleeding	Postmenopausal bleeding	Intermenstrual bleeding	Abnormal vaginal dyscharge	Pelvic pain or pressure	Itching or burning of the vulva	Vaginal/vulvar sores or change in color	Abdominal pain	Fever	Swollen lymph nodes	Weight loss				HPV	Pap smear	STI Panel	Coagulation studies	Imaging 1	Imaging 2	Imaging 3
Cervical cancer
Cervical polyp
Cervical leiomyoma
Cervical lymphoma
Cervical sarcoma
Cervical erosion(Ectropion)
Cervicitis
IUD use
Pelvic inflammatory diseases
Endometriosis
Adnemyosis
Postcoital bleeding
DES exposure (Clear cell adenocarcinoma)
Paget's disease of vulva
Vaginal cancer