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{|
{|
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |'''Intenational Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) Classification'''
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" + |'''Intenational Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) Classification of Mediastinum'''
|-
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Compartments'''
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Compartments'''
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| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Prevascular'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Prevascular'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Superior: Thoracic inlet
* '''Superior:''' Thoracic inlet
* Inferior: Diaphragm
* '''Inferior:''' Diaphragm
* Anterior: Sternum
* '''Anterior:''' Sternum
* Posterior: Anterior aspect of the pericardium
* '''Posterior:''' Anterior aspect of the pericardium
* Lateral: Parietal mediastinal pleura
* '''Lateral:''' Parietal mediastinal pleura
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Thymus
* Thymus
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| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Visceral'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Visceral'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Superior: Thoracic inlet
* '''Superior:''' Thoracic inlet
* Inferior: Diaphragm
* '''Inferior:''' Diaphragm
* Anterior: Posterior boundaries of prevascular compartment
* '''Anterior:''' Posterior boundaries of the prevascular compartment
* Posterior: Vertical line connecting a point on each thoracic vertebral body 1 cm posterior to its origin  
* '''Posterior:''' Vertical line connecting a point on each thoracic vertebral body 1 cm posterior to its origin  
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |'''Non vascular:'''
* Non vascular:
* Trachea
** Trachea
* Carina
** Carina
* Esophagus
** Esophagus
* Lymph nodes
** Lymph nodes
'''Vascular:'''
* Vascular:
* Heart
** Heart
* Ascending thoracic aorta
** Ascending thoracic aorta
* Aortic arch
** Aortic arch
* Descending thoracic aorta
** Descending thoracic aorta
* Superior vena cava
** Superior vena cava
* Intrapericardial pulmonary arteries
** Intrapericardial pulmonary arteries
* Thoracic duct
** Thoracic duct


*
*
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| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Paravertebral'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Paravertebral'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Superior: Thoracic inlet
* '''Superior:''' Thoracic inlet
* Inferior: Diaphragm
* '''Inferior:''' Diaphragm
* Anterior: Posterior bounderies of visceral compartment
* '''Anterior:''' Posterior boundaries of the visceral compartment
* Posterolateral: Vertical line agaiinst the posterior margin of the chest wall at the lateral margin of the transvers process of tthoracicspine
* '''Posterolateral:''' Vertical line against the posterior margin of the chest wall at the lateral margin of the transverse process of the thoracic spine
* Lateral
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Thoracic spine
* Thoracic spine
* Paravertebral soft tissues
* Paravertebral soft tissues
|-
|-
|colspan="3" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="left" + |<small>'''Adapted from [https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2017160095 Radiographics]'''</small>
| colspan="3" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="left" + |<small>'''Adapted from [https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2017160095 Radiographics]'''</small>
|}
|}


Revision as of 14:38, 19 February 2019

Mediastinal mass Microchapters

Home

Overview

Anatomy of Mediastinum

Causes

Differentiating Mediastinal Mass from other Diseases

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2], Amr Marawan, M.D. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Mediastinal enlargement; mass in the mediastinum

Overview

The mediastinum is a non-delineated group of structures in the thorax (chest), surrounded by loose connective tissue. It is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. It contains the heart, the great vessels of the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and lymph nodes of the central chest. A wide variety of diseases involving these organs can present as a mediastinal mass or widening of the mediastinum on imaging studies. Mediastinal widening is diagnosed by the mediastinum measuring greater than 8 cm in width on PA chest x-ray. The mediastinal mass may present with symptoms caused by the mass pressing against other organs or even without any symptoms. Mediastinal masses can be differentiated on the basis of location in the mediastinal cavity into 3 groups: Prevascular, visceral and paravertebral.

Intenational Thymic Malignancy Interest Group (ITMIG) Classification of Mediastinum
Compartments Boundaries Components
Prevascular
  • Superior: Thoracic inlet
  • Inferior: Diaphragm
  • Anterior: Sternum
  • Posterior: Anterior aspect of the pericardium
  • Lateral: Parietal mediastinal pleura
  • Thymus
  • Fat
  • Lymph nodes
  • Left brachiocephalic vein
Visceral
  • Superior: Thoracic inlet
  • Inferior: Diaphragm
  • Anterior: Posterior boundaries of the prevascular compartment
  • Posterior: Vertical line connecting a point on each thoracic vertebral body 1 cm posterior to its origin
 Non vascular:
  • Trachea
  • Carina
  • Esophagus
  • Lymph nodes

Vascular:

  • Heart
  • Ascending thoracic aorta
  • Aortic arch
  • Descending thoracic aorta
  • Superior vena cava
  • Intrapericardial pulmonary arteries
  • Thoracic duct
Paravertebral
  • Superior: Thoracic inlet
  • Inferior: Diaphragm
  • Anterior: Posterior boundaries of the visceral compartment
  • Posterolateral: Vertical line against the posterior margin of the chest wall at the lateral margin of the transverse process of the thoracic spine
  • Thoracic spine
  • Paravertebral soft tissues
Adapted from Radiographics

References

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