Lung cancer classification: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 18:31, 19 February 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kim-Son H. Nguyen M.D. Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Rim Halaby, M.D. [3] Dildar Hussain, MBBS [4]

Overview

Primary lung cancers may be classified into small cell lung cancer (~15%) and non small cell lung cancer (~85%). Non small cell lung cancer are a heterogenous group of lung cancers that are often grouped together because they share similar clinical features (e.g. prognosis and management). The 2004 WHO histological classification of tumors of the lung categorized lung tumors into malignant epithelial tumors, benign epithelial tumors, lymphoproliferative tumors, miscellaneous tumors, and metastatic tumors.

Classification

Primary lung cancers may be classified into two main categories:^[1]

Small cell lung cancer (~15%)
Non small cell lung cancer (~85%).

Lung Cancer

Small cell lung cancer (~15%)

Non small cell lung cancer (~85%)

Squamous cell carcinoma (25% of lung cancers)
Adenocarcinoma (40% of lung cancers).
Large cell carcinoma (10% of lung cancers)
Other non-small cell lung carcinomas:

WHO Histological Classification of Tumors of the Lung

The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies tumors of the lungs as follows:^[2]^[1]


WHO Classification of Lung Tumors
Histological type	Subtype
Epithelial tumors
Adenocarcinoma	Lepidic adenocarcinoma Acinar adenocarcinoma Papillary adenocarcinoma Micropapillary adenocarcinoma Solid adenocarcinoma Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma Mixed invasive mucinous Nonmucinous adenocarcinoma Colloid adenocarcinoma Fetal adenocarcinoma Enteric adenocarcinoma Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma Nonmucinous Mucinous Preinvasive lesions Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia Adenocarcinoma in situ Nonmucinous Mucinous
Squamous cell carcinoma	Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma Preinvasive lesion Squamous cell carcinoma in situ
Neuroendocrine tumors
Small cell carcinoma	Combined small cell carcinoma
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma	Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
Carcinoid tumors	Typical carcinoid tumor Atypical carcinoid tumor
'Preinvasive lesion	Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia
	Large cell carcinoma
Adenosquamous carcinoma
Sarcomatoid carcinomas	Pleomorphic carcinoma Spindle cell carcinoma Giant cell carcinoma Carcinosarcoma Pulmonary blastoma
Other and Unclassified carcinomas	Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma NUT carcinoma
Salivary gland-type tumors	Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Adenoid cystic carcinoma Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma Pleomorphic adenoma
Papillomas	Squamous cell papilloma Exophytic Inverted Glandular papilloma Mixed squamous and glandular papilloma
Adenomas	Sclerosing pneumocytoma Alveolar adenoma Papillary adenoma Mucinous cystadenoma Mucous gland adenoma
Mesenchymal tumors
Pulmonary hamartoma
Chondroma
PEComatous tumors	Lymphangioleiomyomatosis PEComa, benigne Clear cell tumor PEComa, malignant
Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor
Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
Pleuropulmonary blastoma
Synovial sarcoma
Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma
Pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1–CREB1 translocation
Myoepithelial tumors	Myoepithelioma Myoepithelial carcinoma
Lymphohistiocytic tumors
Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated Lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)
Diffuse large cell lymphoma
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
Intravascular large B cell lymphoma
Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Erdheim–Chester disease
Tumors of ectopic origin
Germ cell tumors	Teratoma, mature Teratoma, immature
Intrapulmonary thymoma
Melanoma
Meningioma, NOS

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Travis, William (2004). Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart. Lyon: IARC Press. ISBN 9283224183.
↑ "www.jto.org".

Template:Tumors

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[WHO-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Travis, William (2004). Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart. Lyon: IARC Press. ISBN 9283224183.

[urlwww.jto.org-2] "www.jto.org".

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 {| class="wikitable"
 |+
-! colspan="2" |WHO Classification of Lung Tumors
+! colspan="2" ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | WHO Classification of Lung Tumors
 |-
-!Histological type
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Histological type
-!Subtype
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Subtype
 |-
-! colspan="2" |Epithelial tumors
+! colspan="2" style="background: #707070; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Epithelial tumors
 |-
-|[[Adenocarcinoma of the lung|'''Adenocarcinoma''']]
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Adenocarcinoma of the lung|'''Adenocarcinoma''']]
 |
 * Lepidic adenocarcinoma
@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 *** Mucinous
 |-
-|'''[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung|Squamous cell carcinoma]]'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung|Squamous cell carcinoma]]'''
 |
 * Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma
@@ Line 71: / Line 71: @@
 ** Squamous cell carcinoma in situ
 |-
-| colspan="2" |'''Neuroendocrine tumors'''
+! colspan="2" style="background: #707070; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Neuroendocrine tumors'''
 |-
-|'''[[Small cell carcinoma of the lung|Small cell carcinoma]]'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Small cell carcinoma of the lung|Small cell carcinoma]]'''
 |
 * Combined small cell carcinoma
 |-
-|'''Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma'''
 |
 * Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
 |-
-|'''[[Carcinoid syndrome|Carcinoid tumors]]'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Carcinoid syndrome|Carcinoid tumors]]'''
 |
 * Typical carcinoid tumor
 * Atypical carcinoid tumor
 |-
-|'''Preinvasive lesion'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Preinvasive lesion''
 |
 * Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia
 |-
 |
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|Large cell carcinoma]]'''
-'''[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|Large cell carcinoma]]'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Adenosquamous carcinoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Adenosquamous carcinoma'''
 |
 |-
-|'''[[Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung|Sarcomatoid carcinomas]]'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung|Sarcomatoid carcinomas]]'''
 |
 * Pleomorphic carcinoma
@@ Line 107: / Line 105: @@
 * Pulmonary blastoma
 |-
-|'''Other and Unclassified carcinomas'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Other and Unclassified carcinomas'''
 |
 * Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma
 * NUT carcinoma
 |-
-|'''Salivary gland-type tumors'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Salivary gland-type tumors'''
 |
 * Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
@@ Line 119: / Line 117: @@
 * Pleomorphic adenoma
 |-
-|'''Papillomas'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Papillomas'''
 |
 * Squamous cell papilloma
@@ Line 127: / Line 125: @@
 * Mixed squamous and glandular papilloma
 |-
-|'''Adenomas'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Adenomas'''
 |
 * Sclerosing pneumocytoma
@@ Line 135: / Line 133: @@
 * Mucous gland adenoma
 |-
-| colspan="2" |'''Mesenchymal tumors'''
+! colspan="2" style="background: #707070; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Mesenchymal tumors'''
 |-
-|[[Hamartoma|'''Pulmonary hamartoma''']]
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Hamartoma|'''Pulmonary hamartoma''']]
 |
 |-
-|'''Chondroma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Chondroma'''
 |
 |-
-|'''PEComatous tumors'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''PEComatous tumors'''
 |
 * [[Lymphangiomyomatosis|Lymphangioleiomyomatosis]]
@@ Line 150: / Line 148: @@
 * PEComa, malignant
 |-
-|'''Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis'''
 |
 |-
-|Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
 |
 |-
-|[[Vascular tumor|'''Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma''']]
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Vascular tumor|'''Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma''']]
 |
 |-
-|[[Pleuropulmonary blastoma|'''Pleuropulmonary blastoma''']]
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Pleuropulmonary blastoma|'''Pleuropulmonary blastoma''']]
 |
 |-
-|'''Synovial sarcoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Synovial sarcoma'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1–CREB1 translocation'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1–CREB1 translocation'''
 |
 |-
@@ Line 179: / Line 177: @@
 * Myoepithelial carcinoma
 |-
-| colspan="2" |'''Lymphohistiocytic tumors'''
+! colspan="2" style="background: #707070; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Lymphohistiocytic tumors'''
 |-
-|'''Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated Lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated Lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Diffuse large cell lymphoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Diffuse large cell lymphoma'''
 |
 |-
-|[[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis|'''Lymphomatoid granulomatosis''']]
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis|'''Lymphomatoid granulomatosis''']]
 |
 |-
-|'''Intravascular large B cell lymphoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Intravascular large B cell lymphoma'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Erdheim–Chester disease'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Erdheim–Chester disease'''
 |
 |-
-| colspan="2" |'''Tumors of ectopic origin'''
+! colspan="2" style="background: #707070; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |'''Tumors of ectopic origin'''
 |-
-|'''Germ cell tumors'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Germ cell tumors'''
 |
 * Teratoma, mature
 * Teratoma, immature
 |-
-|'''Intrapulmonary thymoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Intrapulmonary thymoma'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Melanoma'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Melanoma'''
 |
 |-
-|'''Meningioma, NOS'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Meningioma, NOS'''
 |
 |}