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==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
'''Incidence'''
===Incidence===
* The overall [[incidence]] rate of neuroblastoma is approximately 4.9 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.<ref name="pmid21108439">{{cite journal| author=Navalkele P, O'Dorisio MS, O'Dorisio TM, Zamba GK, Lynch CF| title=Incidence, survival, and prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors versus neuroblastoma in children and young adults: nine standard SEER registries, 1975-2006. | journal=Pediatr Blood Cancer | year= 2011 | volume= 56 | issue= 1 | pages= 50-7 | pmid=21108439 | doi=10.1002/pbc.22559 | pmc=PMC4251713 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21108439  }} </ref><ref>{{Cite journal
* The overall [[incidence]] rate of neuroblastoma is approximately 4.9 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.<ref name="pmid21108439">{{cite journal| author=Navalkele P, O'Dorisio MS, O'Dorisio TM, Zamba GK, Lynch CF| title=Incidence, survival, and prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors versus neuroblastoma in children and young adults: nine standard SEER registries, 1975-2006. | journal=Pediatr Blood Cancer | year= 2011 | volume= 56 | issue= 1 | pages= 50-7 | pmid=21108439 | doi=10.1002/pbc.22559 | pmc=PMC4251713 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21108439  }} </ref><ref>{{Cite journal
  | author = [[J. G. Gurney]], [[J. A. Ross]], [[D. A. Wall]], [[W. A. Bleyer]], [[R. K. Severson]] & [[L. L. Robison]]
  | author = [[J. G. Gurney]], [[J. A. Ross]], [[D. A. Wall]], [[W. A. Bleyer]], [[R. K. Severson]] & [[L. L. Robison]]
Line 20: Line 20:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


'''Prevalence'''
===Prevalence===
* Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid [[cancer]] in [[childhood]] and the most common [[cancer]] in [[Infant|infancy]].<ref>{{Cite journal
* Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid [[cancer]] in [[childhood]] and the most common [[cancer]] in [[Infant|infancy]].<ref>{{Cite journal
  | author = [[Tadeusz Izbicki]], [[Joanna Mazur]] & [[Elzbieta Izbicka]]
  | author = [[Tadeusz Izbicki]], [[Joanna Mazur]] & [[Elzbieta Izbicka]]
Line 54: Line 54:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


'''Age'''
===Age===
* The incidence of neuroblastoma decreases with [[age]]; the highest [[incidence]] is in the first year of life.<ref>{{Cite journal
* The incidence of neuroblastoma decreases with [[age]]; the highest [[incidence]] is in the first year of life.<ref>{{Cite journal
  | author = [[Nadja C. Colon]] & [[Dai H. Chung]]
  | author = [[Nadja C. Colon]] & [[Dai H. Chung]]
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:* 0.3 per 1,000,000 individuals aged between (25-29) years
:* 0.3 per 1,000,000 individuals aged between (25-29) years


'''Gender'''
===Gender===
* [[Male|Males]] are slightly more commonly affected with neuroblastoma than [[Female|females]]. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.12 to 1.<ref>{{Cite journal
* [[Male|Males]] are slightly more commonly affected with neuroblastoma than [[Female|females]]. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.12 to 1.<ref>{{Cite journal
  | author = [[Julia E. Heck]], [[Beate Ritz]], [[Rayjean J. Hung]], [[Mia Hashibe]] & [[Paolo Boffetta]]
  | author = [[Julia E. Heck]], [[Beate Ritz]], [[Rayjean J. Hung]], [[Mia Hashibe]] & [[Paolo Boffetta]]
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* The [[incidence]] rate of neuroblastoma among [[Female|females]] is approximately 4.6 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.<ref name="pmid21108439">{{cite journal| author=Navalkele P, O'Dorisio MS, O'Dorisio TM, Zamba GK, Lynch CF| title=Incidence, survival, and prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors versus neuroblastoma in children and young adults: nine standard SEER registries, 1975-2006. | journal=Pediatr Blood Cancer | year= 2011 | volume= 56 | issue= 1 | pages= 50-7 | pmid=21108439 | doi=10.1002/pbc.22559 | pmc=PMC4251713 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21108439  }} </ref>
* The [[incidence]] rate of neuroblastoma among [[Female|females]] is approximately 4.6 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.<ref name="pmid21108439">{{cite journal| author=Navalkele P, O'Dorisio MS, O'Dorisio TM, Zamba GK, Lynch CF| title=Incidence, survival, and prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors versus neuroblastoma in children and young adults: nine standard SEER registries, 1975-2006. | journal=Pediatr Blood Cancer | year= 2011 | volume= 56 | issue= 1 | pages= 50-7 | pmid=21108439 | doi=10.1002/pbc.22559 | pmc=PMC4251713 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21108439  }} </ref>


'''Race'''
===Race===
* Neuroblastoma usually affects individuals of the Caucasian race. African Americans, Native Indians, and Asians are less likely to develop neuroblastoma.<ref>{{Cite journal
* Neuroblastoma usually affects individuals of the Caucasian race. African Americans, Native Indians, and Asians are less likely to develop neuroblastoma.<ref>{{Cite journal
  | author = [[N. L. Carlsen]]
  | author = [[N. L. Carlsen]]

Revision as of 15:39, 6 March 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Zahir Ali Shaikh, MD[3]

Overview

Neuroblastoma is the most common solid extracranial cancer in childhood and is the most common cancer in infancy. The overall incidence is 4.9 per 1,000,000 individuals in united states. Males are slightly more affected than females with 1.2:1 ratio. Neuroblastoma usually affects individuals of the caucasian race.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • The overall incidence rate of neuroblastoma is approximately 4.9 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.[1][2]

Prevalence

Age

  • The incidence of neuroblastoma decreases with age; the highest incidence is in the first year of life.[6]
  • The incidence of neuroblastoma according to specific age groups is approximately:[1]
  • 25.3 per 1,000,000 individuals aged between (0-4) years
  • 2.3 per 1,000,000 individuals aged between (5-9) years
  • 0.7 per 1,000,000 individuals aged between (10-14) years
  • 0.2 per 1,000,000 individuals aged between (20-24) years
  • 0.3 per 1,000,000 individuals aged between (25-29) years

Gender

  • Males are slightly more commonly affected with neuroblastoma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.12 to 1.[7]
  • The incidence rate of neuroblastoma among males is approximately 5.1 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.
  • The incidence rate of neuroblastoma among females is approximately 4.6 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.[1]

Race

  • Neuroblastoma usually affects individuals of the Caucasian race. African Americans, Native Indians, and Asians are less likely to develop neuroblastoma.[8]
  • The incidence rate of neuroblastoma among Caucasians is approximately 5.1 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.
  • The incidence rate of neuroblastoma among African Americans is approximately 4.1 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.
  • The overall incidence rate of neuroblastoma among Native Indians and Asians is approximately 3.8 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Navalkele P, O'Dorisio MS, O'Dorisio TM, Zamba GK, Lynch CF (2011). "Incidence, survival, and prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors versus neuroblastoma in children and young adults: nine standard SEER registries, 1975-2006". Pediatr Blood Cancer. 56 (1): 50–7. doi:10.1002/pbc.22559. PMC 4251713. PMID 21108439.
  2. ↑ J. G. Gurney, J. A. Ross, D. A. Wall, W. A. Bleyer, R. K. Severson & L. L. Robison (1997). "Infant cancer in the U.S.: histology-specific incidence and trends, 1973 to 1992". Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology. 19 (5): 428–432. PMID 9329464. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Tadeusz Izbicki, Joanna Mazur & Elzbieta Izbicka (2003). "Epidemiology and etiology of neuroblastoma: an overview". Anticancer research. 23 (1B): 755–760. PMID 12680179. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Tadeusz Izbicki, Joanna Mazur & Elzbieta Izbicka (2003). "Epidemiology of neuroblastoma: analysis of a single institution". Anticancer research. 23 (2C): 1933–1938. PMID 12820482. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Julie R. Park, Angelika Eggert & Huib Caron (2010). "Neuroblastoma: biology, prognosis, and treatment". Hematology/oncology clinics of North America. 24 (1): 65–86. doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2009.11.011. PMID 20113896. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Nadja C. Colon & Dai H. Chung (2011). "Neuroblastoma". Advances in pediatrics. 58 (1): 297–311. doi:10.1016/j.yapd.2011.03.011. PMID 21736987.
  7. ↑ Julia E. Heck, Beate Ritz, Rayjean J. Hung, Mia Hashibe & Paolo Boffetta (2009). "The epidemiology of neuroblastoma: a review". Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology. 23 (2): 125–143. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3016.2008.00983.x. PMID 19159399. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ N. L. Carlsen (1992). "Neuroblastoma: epidemiology and pattern of regression. Problems in interpreting results of mass screening". The American journal of pediatric hematology/oncology. 14 (2): 103–110. PMID 1530115. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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