Nasopharyngeal carcinoma medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Homa}}{{Faizan}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Homa}}{{Faizan}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam | The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is [[external beam radiotherapy]], supplemented in some cases with [[chemotherapy]]. | ||
==Medical Therapy== | ==Medical Therapy== | ||
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam | The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is [[external beam radiotherapy]]. | ||
===Treatment according to Stages=== | ===Treatment according to Stages=== | ||
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 600px" align="center" | {| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 600px" align="center" | ||
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Stage 1 | Stage 1 | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*External beam radiation | *[[External beam radiotherapy|External beam radiation]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" | | ||
Stage 2 | Stage 2 | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Chemotherapy given with radiation therapy, followed by more chemotherapy | *[[Chemotherapy]] given with radiation therapy, followed by more [[chemotherapy]] | ||
*Radiation therapy to the tumor and lymph nodes in the neck | *[[Radiation therapy]] to the [[tumor]] and [[lymph nodes]] in the [[neck]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | ||
Stage 3 | Stage 3 | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*[[Chemotherapy]] given with radiation therapy, which may be followed by more chemotherapy | *[[Chemotherapy]] given with [[radiation therapy]], which may be followed by more chemotherapy | ||
*[[Radiation therapy]] | *[[Radiation therapy]] | ||
*Radiation therapy followed by surgery to remove cancer -containing lymph nodes in the neck that remain or come back after radiation therapy | *[[Radiation therapy]] followed by [[surgery]] to remove cancer -containing [[lymph nodes]] in the [[neck]] that remain or come back after [[radiation therapy]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" | | ||
Stage 4 | Stage 4 | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Chemotherapy given with radiation therapy, followed by more chemotherapy | *[[Chemotherapy]] given with [[radiation therapy]], followed by more [[chemotherapy]] | ||
*Radiation therapy | *[[Radiation therapy]] | ||
*Radiation therapy followed by [[surgery]] to remove cancer -containing lymph nodes in the neck that remain or come back after radiation therapy | *[[Radiation therapy]] followed by [[surgery]] to remove cancer -containing [[lymph nodes]] in the [[neck]] that remain or come back after [[radiation therapy]] | ||
*Chemotherapy for cancer that has metastasized (spread) to other parts of the body | *[[Chemotherapy]] for [[cancer]] that has [[metastasized]] (spread) to other parts of the [[body]] | ||
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'''Note (2):''' [[Antiemetic|Anti-emetic]] treatment should be done in all [[patients]]. | '''Note (2):''' [[Antiemetic|Anti-emetic]] treatment should be done in all [[patients]]. | ||
* '''5- | * '''5-Fluorouracil:''' | ||
** Preferred regimen: 1000 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day [[Intravenous therapy|IV]] [[infusion]] for 4-5 days and repeated every 3 weeks. | ** Preferred regimen: 1000 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day [[Intravenous therapy|IV]] [[infusion]] for 4-5 days and repeated every 3 weeks. | ||
** [[Contraindications]]: | ** [[Contraindications]]: | ||
Revision as of 18:29, 18 March 2019
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Microchapters |
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Differentiating Nasopharyngeal carcinoma from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma medical therapy On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma medical therapy |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Nasopharyngeal carcinoma medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Homa Najafi, M.D.[2]Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [3]
Overview
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam radiotherapy, supplemented in some cases with chemotherapy.
Medical Therapy
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam radiotherapy.
Treatment according to Stages
| Stage | Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Stage 1 |
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Stage 2 |
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Stage 3 |
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Stage 4 |
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Medical Therapy
- Pharmacologic medical therapies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma include Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil.
- Cisplatin:
- Preferred regimen: 80-100 mg/m2 slow IV with enough hydration. Repeat every 3 weeks.
- Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to platinum-containing compounds
- Renal function impairment
- Hearing impairment
- Myelosuppressed patients
- Nursing or pregnant women
- Side effects:
Note (1): Urine output should be maintain more than 100-150 ml/ hr.
Note (2): Anti-emetic treatment should be done in all patients.
- 5-Fluorouracil:
- Preferred regimen: 1000 mg/m2/day IV infusion for 4-5 days and repeated every 3 weeks.
- Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity
- Liver diseases
- Renal function impairment
- Myelosuppressed patients
- Unstable angina
- Side effects:
- Myelosuppression
- Gastrointestinal problems like nausea and vomiting and diarrhea
- Mucositis
- Angina
- Alopecia
- Hand-foot syndrome
Note (1): In patients with liver diseases dose reduction should be considered.
Note (2): Using this drug in familial pyrimidenemia patients can cause fatal neurotoxicity.