Breast cancer laboratory tests: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
An elevated concentration of serum [[alkaline phosphatase]] is diagnostic of bone metastasis of breast cancer. | An elevated concentration of serum [[alkaline phosphatase]] is diagnostic of bone metastasis of breast cancer. | ||
==Blood | ==Blood chemistry== | ||
Blood chemistry tests measure certain chemicals in the blood. They show how well certain organs are functioning and can also be used to detect abnormalities. They are used to stage breast cancer. <ref name="ss">Breast cancer. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/breast/signs-and-symptoms/?region=on#ixzz3xScycfqv Accessed on January 16, 2016</ref> | Blood chemistry tests measure certain chemicals in the blood. They show how well certain organs are functioning and can also be used to detect abnormalities. They are used to stage breast cancer. <ref name="ss">Breast cancer. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/breast/signs-and-symptoms/?region=on#ixzz3xScycfqv Accessed on January 16, 2016</ref> | ||
*[[Urea]] ([[blood urea nitrogen]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]]) and [[creatinine]] may be measured to check kidney function. Kidney function is checked before chemotherapy is given and may be rechecked during or after treatment. | *[[Urea]] ([[blood urea nitrogen]] or [[Blood urea nitrogen|BUN]]) and [[creatinine]] may be measured to check kidney function. Kidney function is checked before chemotherapy is given and may be rechecked during or after treatment. | ||
*[[Alanine transaminase|Alanine aminotransferase]] ([[Alanine transaminase|ALT]]), [[aspartate transaminase]] ([[Aspartate transaminase|AST]]) and [[alkaline phosphatase]] may be measured to check liver function. | *[[Alanine transaminase|Alanine aminotransferase]] ([[Alanine transaminase|ALT]]), [[aspartate transaminase]] ([[Aspartate transaminase|AST]]) and [[alkaline phosphatase]] may be measured to check liver function. | ||
:*Increased levels could indicate that cancer has spread to the liver. | :*Increased levels could indicate that cancer has spread to the liver. | ||
*Alkaline phosphatase can also be used to check for cancer in the bone. | *[[Alkaline phosphatase]] can also be used to check for cancer in the bone. | ||
:*Increased levels could indicate that cancer has spread to the bone. Tumor markers such as [[Ki-67 (Biology)|'''Ki67''']] | :*Increased levels could indicate that cancer has spread to the [[bone]]. | ||
:*Tumor markers such as [[Ki-67 (Biology)|'''Ki67''']] | |||
==BRCA1/ | ==[[BRCA1]]/[[BRCA2]] Gene testing== | ||
Genetic markers, if present, suggest an 80% likelihood of breast cancer occurrence. | Genetic markers, if present, suggest an 80% likelihood of breast cancer occurrence. | ||
==HER2 Status | ==HER2 Status testing== | ||
*ERBB2 is a gene that has changed (mutated) so it helps a tumor grow oncogene. It is more commonly known as [[HER2]] (or HER2/neu). [[HER2]] stands for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.<ref name="ss">Breast cancer. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/breast/signs-and-symptoms/?region=on#ixzz3xScycfqv Accessed on January 16, 2016</ref> | *ERBB2 is a gene that has changed (mutated) so it helps a tumor grow oncogene. It is more commonly known as [[HER2]] (or [[HER2/neu]]). [[HER2]] stands for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.<ref name="ss">Breast cancer. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/breast/signs-and-symptoms/?region=on#ixzz3xScycfqv Accessed on January 16, 2016</ref> | ||
*[[HER2]] status testing is done to find out the amount of [[HER2]] produced by a breast tumor. | *[[HER2]] status testing is done to find out the amount of [[HER2]] produced by a breast tumor. | ||
Other Genetic panels such as: | Other Genetic panels such as: | ||
Revision as of 04:23, 8 April 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [3]l; Ammu Susheela, M.D. [4]
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Overview
An elevated concentration of serum alkaline phosphatase is diagnostic of bone metastasis of breast cancer.
Blood chemistry
Blood chemistry tests measure certain chemicals in the blood. They show how well certain organs are functioning and can also be used to detect abnormalities. They are used to stage breast cancer. [1]
- Urea (blood urea nitrogen or BUN) and creatinine may be measured to check kidney function. Kidney function is checked before chemotherapy is given and may be rechecked during or after treatment.
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase may be measured to check liver function.
- Increased levels could indicate that cancer has spread to the liver.
- Alkaline phosphatase can also be used to check for cancer in the bone.
BRCA1/BRCA2 Gene testing
Genetic markers, if present, suggest an 80% likelihood of breast cancer occurrence.
HER2 Status testing
- ERBB2 is a gene that has changed (mutated) so it helps a tumor grow oncogene. It is more commonly known as HER2 (or HER2/neu). HER2 stands for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.[1]
- HER2 status testing is done to find out the amount of HER2 produced by a breast tumor.
Other Genetic panels such as:
- Oncotype DX®
- MammaPrint®
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Breast cancer. Canadian Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/breast/signs-and-symptoms/?region=on#ixzz3xScycfqv Accessed on January 16, 2016