Radiation proctitis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Common causes in the development of Radiation proctitis include include dose of radiation, area of the radiation and mode of delivery of the radiation.

Causes

Common Causes

Common causes in the development of radiation proctitis include:

• Dose of the radiation: <45 Gy are associated with few long-term radiation side effects. In contrast, doses between 45 and 70 Gy cause more complications, and doses above 70 Gy cause significant and longstanding injury to the surrounding area
• Area of the radiation
• Mode of the delivery of the radiation External beam radiation, typically administered by a linear accelerator, results in significantly greater exposure to surrounding organs as compared with brachytherapy, where radiation is administered via radioactive implants. Newer modalities of external beam radiation delivery, including three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, and the use of heavy particles including protons and neutrons, may be associated with a reduced risk of radiation toxicity.