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*It described the heart and great vessels as the center of all being and existence. Within this script lies the first recorded mention of aortic aneurysms, quoted as “… only magic can cure tumors of the major arteries.” | *It described the heart and great vessels as the center of all being and existence. Within this script lies the first recorded mention of aortic aneurysms, quoted as “… only magic can cure tumors of the major arteries.” | ||
*The scrolls go on to describe other conditions of the cardiovascular system, including peripheral arterial aneurysms. | *The scrolls go on to describe other conditions of the cardiovascular system, including peripheral arterial aneurysms. | ||
This script likely references the development of traumatic pseudoaneurysms but remains the earliest recorded description of major vascular pathology. | This script likely references the development of traumatic pseudoaneurysms but remains the earliest recorded description of major vascular pathology. | ||
A few hundred years later, Aetius of Amida, a 7th century Byzantine physician and medical writer authored the manuscript De Vasorum Dilatatione, loosely translated “on the dilation of the vessels.” | *Early 1,000 years pass before the next mention of these vessels again. Galen, a Greek physician practicing in Rome, served as the physician to the gladiators. *Galen holds the reputation as the first trauma surgeon, caring for those injured in combat. | ||
*He developed rudimentary anatomic charts which were based on canine vivisection. | |||
*While the only anatomic reference of his time, and for hundreds of years later, they were somewhat incomplete and inaccurate in their representation of human anatomy. | |||
*In his writings, he describes aneurysms on physical examination as “localized pulsatile swellings.” Furthermore, he goes on to describe the first documented ruptured aneurysm as when “an aneurysm is wounded, the blood is spouted out with so much violence that it can scarcely be arrested.” | |||
*A contemporary to Galen was Antyllus, another Greek surgeon practicing in Rome. | |||
*He is considered the true father of vascular surgery. He described both true and false aneurysms in his writings and documented the first attempted aneurysm repair in the year 200AD [6]. The “Antyllus method” consisted of proximal and distal ligation, central incision of the aneurysm, and evacuation of the thrombotic materials. | |||
*A few hundred years later, Aetius of Amida, a 7th century Byzantine physician and medical writer authored the manuscript De Vasorum Dilatatione, loosely translated “on the dilation of the vessels.” | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:40, 25 December 2019
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Thoracic aortic aneurysm Microchapters |
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Differentiating Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm from other Diseases |
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Thoracic aortic aneurysm historical perspective On the Web |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Thoracic aortic aneurysm historical perspective |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Thoracic aortic aneurysm historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammad Salih, MD.
Overview
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- Aneurysma, aneurysmos … the etymologic roots of Latin and Greek origin, meaning widening or dilation, form the foundation of the modern day word aneurysm.
- Today, the term aneurysm applied in its most strict sense describes a blood vessel one and a half times the diameter of age matched individuals, with loss of vessel wall parallelism.
- Vessels of less dilation are described as ectatic, derived from the Greek origin ektasis, or to stretch out.
- The first documented description of aortic pathology appears circa 1550 BC.
- Over the following three and a half millennia, our understanding of aortic aneurysms has progressed from a mystical and uniformly lethal disease process to one that focuses on preventative intervention and minimally invasive, even percutaneous, repair.
- The term aorta was first applied by Aristotle in the 4th century BC, used to describe the great vessel of the heart.
- Prior to this description, the term had been used by Hippocrates to describe the bronchial tree, consistent with the belief that the vital “pneuma” derived from respiration was delivered to the body by these vessels.
- The respiratory and circulatory systems were seen as one continuous circuit until the early 1600s when separate blood circulation was described by Harvey.
- Since Aristotle's time however, the term aorta has continued to define the primary arterial outflow of the left ventricle.
- Pathology of the great vessel, however, had been recognized for nearly a millennium before the times of Hippocrates and Aristotle.
- The first preserved written account of the aorta dates back to 1550BC.
- The Ebers Papyrus was a hieratic script of Pharaonic Egypt, thought to be a transcription of an even earlier text.
- It consisted of a 110 page long papyrus scroll containing more than 700 magical and medicinal remedies for ailments of all organ systems.
- The book of hearts was the largest and most highly regarded of these scrolls.
- It described the heart and great vessels as the center of all being and existence. Within this script lies the first recorded mention of aortic aneurysms, quoted as “… only magic can cure tumors of the major arteries.”
- The scrolls go on to describe other conditions of the cardiovascular system, including peripheral arterial aneurysms.
This script likely references the development of traumatic pseudoaneurysms but remains the earliest recorded description of major vascular pathology.
- Early 1,000 years pass before the next mention of these vessels again. Galen, a Greek physician practicing in Rome, served as the physician to the gladiators. *Galen holds the reputation as the first trauma surgeon, caring for those injured in combat.
- He developed rudimentary anatomic charts which were based on canine vivisection.
- While the only anatomic reference of his time, and for hundreds of years later, they were somewhat incomplete and inaccurate in their representation of human anatomy.
- In his writings, he describes aneurysms on physical examination as “localized pulsatile swellings.” Furthermore, he goes on to describe the first documented ruptured aneurysm as when “an aneurysm is wounded, the blood is spouted out with so much violence that it can scarcely be arrested.”
- A contemporary to Galen was Antyllus, another Greek surgeon practicing in Rome.
- He is considered the true father of vascular surgery. He described both true and false aneurysms in his writings and documented the first attempted aneurysm repair in the year 200AD [6]. The “Antyllus method” consisted of proximal and distal ligation, central incision of the aneurysm, and evacuation of the thrombotic materials.
- A few hundred years later, Aetius of Amida, a 7th century Byzantine physician and medical writer authored the manuscript De Vasorum Dilatatione, loosely translated “on the dilation of the vessels.”