Urine discoloration

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click here

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

• Acute kidney failure 
• Acute promyelocytic leukemia 
• Aloe poisoning 
• Bacterial endocarditis
• Baneberry poisoning
• Barraquer-simons syndrome 
• Bladder cancer 
• Bolivian hemorrhagic fever 
• Cervical cancer 
• Choriocarcinoma
• Chromophil renal cell carcinoma 
• Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma 
• Chronic kidney disease 
• Clear cell renal cell carcinoma 
• Familial renal cell carcinoma 
• Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix 
• Glomerulopathy
• Familial hematuria
• Familial renal cell carcinoma 
• Hypertension
• Infective endocarditis
• Interstitial nephritis 
• Kidney cancer 
• Liver cancer 
• Melanoma
• Membranous nephropathy
• Oncocytoma
• Papillary renal cell carcinoma 
• Penis cancer 
• Prostate cancer 
• Renal cancer 
• Renal failure
• Renal hypertension
• Sarcoma botryoides 
• Tuberculosis 
• Urachal cancer 
• Urethral cancer 
• Urinary system cancer 
• Wilms tumor

Common Causes

• Aclarubicin
• Acute intermittent porphyria
• Alkaptonuria
• Cascara sagrada
• Chlorzoxazone
• Cholestatic jaundice
• Chyluria
• Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria
• Dantron
• Deferiprone
• Doxorubicin
• Entacapone
• Haematuria
• Hartnup disease
• Idarubicin
• Maple syrup urine disease
• Melanoma
• Mepacrine
• Methaemoglobinaemia
• Metronidazole
• Mitoxantrone
• Myoglobinuria
• Nefopam
• Oxamniquine
• Parkinson disease
• Phenazopyridine
• Phenolphthalein
• Phensuximide
• Pixantrone
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Rifabutin
• Rifampicin
• Sulphasalazine

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Angiopathy, Bacterial endocarditis, Hypertension , Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, Infective endocarditis, Leukocytoclastic angiitis , Norum disease, Renal hypertension, Renovascular hypertension , Vasculitis hypersensitivity , Vasculitis , Wegener's granulomatosis
Chemical/Poisoning	2-butoxyethanol , 3,3-dichlorobenzidine, 4,4-methylenebis , 4-aminodiphenyl , Acetic acid , Aclarubicin, Aloe poisoning , Anticoagulant rodenticide , Antifreeze , Arsine, Baneberry poisoning, Breynia officinalis poisoning, Carbon tetrachloride , Caterpillar complication poisoning , Chloromethane , Chlorophacinone rodenticide poisoning , Chlorzoxazone, Chromium, Colchicine poisoning , Copper toxicity , Copperhead snake poisoning , Coumachlor rodenticide poisoning , Coumafuryl rodenticide poisoning , Coumatetralyl rodenticide poisoning , Cresols , Cresylic acid , Crotalidae snake poisoning , Dantron, Deferiprone, Difenacoum rodenticide poisoning , Difethialone rodenticide poisoning , Diphacinone rodenticide poisoning , Ethylene glycol , Eugenol oil poisoning , Finale rodenticide poisoning, Flocoumafen rodenticide poisoning , Folgorat rodenticide poisoning , Gasoline , Glyphosate, Havoc rodenticide poisoning , Indandione rodenticide poisoning , Juniper tar poisoning , Klerat rodenticide poisoning , Matikus rodenticide poisoning , Monosodium methanarsenate , Mouser rodenticide poisoninge, Naked brimcap poisoning , Pennyroyal oil, Peppermint oil , Petroleum distillates , Pindone rodenticide poisoning , Ratak plus rodenticide poisoning, Rhubarb , Rodend rodenticide poisoning , Rue, Senna , Talon rodenticide poisoning , Toxic mushrooms , Turpentine oil , Volak rodenticide poisoning , Volid rodenticide poisoning
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Cholestatic jaundice, Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria, Melanoma, Obstructive jaundice, Porphyria , Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Drug Side Effect	Aldrin , Benzene , Benzidine , Brodifacoum , Bromadiolone , Cascara sagrada, Clinitest tablet , Dieldrin , Doxorubicin, Entacapone, Golden seal , Idarubicin, Mepacrine, Metronidazole, Mitoxantrone, Naphthalene , Nefopam, Nitrates , Oral contraceptives, Oxamniquine, Phenazopyridine, Phenol , Phenolphthalein, Phensuximide, Phosphine , Pixantrone, Rifabutin, Rifampicin, Southworth symptom complex, Sulphasalazine
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Hypercalciuria, Oral contraceptives, Pelvic lipomatosis , Urod-related porphyria cutanea tarda
Environmental	Kidney stones
Gastroenterologic	Bile in urine, Choriocarcinoma, Diarrhea , Genitourinary infections , Hellp syndrome , Jaundice , Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency , Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, Liver cancer , Neoplastic porphyria tarda , Obstructive jaundice, Schistosomiasis , Urachal cancer
Genetic	Alkaptonuria, Alport syndrome , Complement component deficiency, Congenital afibrinogenemia , Congenital megalo-ureter , Dyschondrosteosis , Fechtner syndrome, Fibrinogen deficiency, Hartnup disease, Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia , Herns syndrome , Meier-blumberg-imahorn syndrome , Nail-patella syndrome , Oxalosis , Thalassemia , Urban schosser spohn syndrome , Wilson's disease , Xanthine oxydase deficiency , Xanthinuria
Hematologic	Acute promyelocytic leukemia , Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency , Anemia, Barraquer-simons syndrome , Benign familial hematuria , Blood in urine , Bolivian hemorrhagic fever , Congenital aplastic anemia , Defibrination syndrome , Diabetes insipidus , Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia , Factor v quebec , Factor x deficiency , Familial hematuria, Fibrinogen deficiency, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency , Haematuria, Hellp syndrome , Hemoglobinuria, Hemolytic uremic syndrome, Hemophilia , Henoch-schonlein purpura , Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia , Immune thrombocytopenic purpura , Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency , Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, Leukocytoclastic angiitis , Machupo virus , Methaemoglobinaemia, Myoglobinuria, Quebec platelet disorder, Stuart factor deficiency, Thalassemia , Thrombasthenia , Thrombocytopathy , Thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytopenic purpura
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Argentinean hemorrhagic fever , Bacterial endocarditis, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever , Genitourinary infections , Gnathostoma hispidum infection , Gnathostoma spinigerum infection , Gonorrhea , Hepatitis a , Hepatitis b , Hepatitis c , Honeymoon bladder , Infective endocarditis, Machupo virus , Malaria , Paragonimiases , Prostatic abscess , Prostatitis , Renal abscess , Renal mucormycosis , Renal zygmycosis , Schistosomiasis , Spirochetes disease , Torulopsis , Trichosporin infection , Tuberculosis , Urachal cyst , Urinary tract infections , Weil syndrome , Xanthic urolithiasis , Yellow fever
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Malignant rhabdoid tumors , Myoglobinuria, Pelvic fracture , Rhabdoid tumor , Rhabdomyolysis
Neurologic	Coloboma, Parkinson's disease
Nutritional/Metabolic	Asparagus , Beets , Blackberries , Dehydration , Diabetes insipidus , Diarrhea , Fluorescein sodium, Leucinosis , Maple syrup urine disease, Toxic mushrooms
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Cervical cancer , Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix
Oncologic	Acute promyelocytic leukemia , Bladder cancer, Cervical cancer , Chromophil renal cell carcinoma , Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma , Clear cell renal cell carcinoma , Collecting duct carcinoma , Diffuse leiomyomatosis , Eosinophilic cystitis, Familial renal cell carcinoma , Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix , Hereditary leiomyomatosis , Kidney cancer , Leiomyomatosis of esophagus, Liver cancer , Malignant rhabdoid tumors , Melanoma, Neoplastic porphyria tarda , Oncocytoma, Papillary renal cell carcinoma , Pelvic lipomatosis , Penis cancer , Phyllodes tumor of the prostate , Prostate cancer , Prostatic abscess , Renal cancer , Rhabdoid tumor , Rhabdomyolysis, Sarcoma botryoides , Transitional cell cancer, Transitional cell carcinoma, Urachal cancer , Urachal cyst , Ureter cancer , Urethral cancer , Urinary system cancer , Wilms tumor
Ophthalmologic	Coloboma
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Tuberculosis
Renal/Electrolyte	Acquired cystic kidney disease, Acute kidney failure , Alport syndrome , Amyloidosis, Analgesic nephropathy syndrome , Asparagus , Bright's disease , Chromophil renal cell carcinoma , Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma , Chronic kidney disease , Clear cell renal cell carcinoma , Cystine stone , Cystitis , Dehydration , Diabetic nephropathy , Familial renal cell carcinoma , Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis , Glomerular disease , Glomerulonephritis , Glomerulopathy , Goodpasture's syndrome , Hepatorenal tyrosinemia, Hypercalciuria, Iga nephropathy , Interstitial nephritis , Kidney cancer , Kidney stones , Leucinosis , Maple syrup urine disease, Medullary sponge kidney , Membranous nephropathy, Nephritis , Nephrocalcinosis , Nephropathy, Nephrosis , Papillary renal cell carcinoma , Pierson syndrome , Polycystic kidney disease, Precalicial canalicular ectasia, Pyelonephritis , Reflux nephropathy , Renal abscess , Renal cancer , Renal colic , Renal failure, Renal hypertension, Renal mucormycosis , Renal nutcracker syndrome , Renal zygmycosis , Renovascular hypertension , Salcedo syndrome , Stones , Urinary stones
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Acute intermittent porphyria, Amyloidosis, Congenital afibrinogenemia , Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria, Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia , Henoch-schonlein purpura , Immune thrombocytopenic purpura , Porphyria , Reiter’s syndrome , Wegener's granulomatosis
Sexual	Gonorrhea , Honeymoon bladder
Trauma	Crush injury , Excessive exercise , Heat cramps , Medullary sponge kidney , Pelvic fracture
Urologic	Acute prostatitis , Acute urinary conditions , Bile in urine, Bladder cancer, Bladder conditions , Bladder diverticulum , Bladder papilloma , Blood in urine , Chyluria, Collecting duct carcinoma , Cystinuria , Enlarged prostate , Fenwick ulcer , Hemolytic uremic syndrome, Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, Oncocytoma, Orchitis , Penis cancer , Penis conditions , Penis tourniquet syndrome , Phyllodes tumor of the prostate , Prostate cancer , Prostatitis , Renal colic , Ureter cancer , Urethral cancer , Urinary disorders , Urinary stones , Urinary system cancer , Urinary tract infections , Wilms tumor , Wilson's disease , Xanthic urolithiasis , Xanthinuria
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• 2-butoxyethanol 
• 3,3-dichlorobenzidine
• 4,4-methylenebis 
• 4-aminodiphenyl 
• Acetic acid 
• Aclarubicin
• Acquired cystic kidney disease
• Acute intermittent porphyria
• Acute kidney failure 
• Acute promyelocytic leukemia 
• Acute prostatitis 
• Acute urinary conditions 
• Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency 
• Aldrin 
• Alkaptonuria
• Aloe poisoning 
• Alport syndrome
• Amyloidosis
• Analgesic nephropathy syndrome 
• Anemia
• Angiopathy
• Anticoagulant rodenticide 
• Antifreeze 
• Argentinean hemorrhagic fever 
• Arsine
• Asparagus 
• Bacterial endocarditis
• Baneberry poisoning
• Barraquer-simons syndrome 
• Beets
• Benign familial hematuria 
• Benzene 
• Benzidine 
• Bile in urine
• Blackberries
• Bladder cancer 
• Bladder conditions 
• Bladder diverticulum 
• Bladder papilloma 
• Blood in urine 
• Blue urine
• Bolivian hemorrhagic fever 
• Breynia officinalis poisoning
• Bright's disease 
• Brodifacoum 
• Bromadiolone 
• Carbon tetrachloride 
• Cascara sagrada
• Caterpillar complication poisoning 
• Cervical cancer 
• Chloromethane 
• Chlorophacinone rodenticide poisoning 
• Chlorzoxazone
• Cholestatic jaundice
• Choriocarcinoma
• Chromium
• Chromophil renal cell carcinoma 
• Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma 
• Chronic kidney disease 
• Chyluria
• Clear cell renal cell carcinoma 
• Clinitest tablet 
• Colchicine poisoning 
• Collecting duct carcinoma 
• Coloboma
• Complement component deficiency
• Congenital afibrinogenemia 
• Congenital aplastic anemia 
• Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria
• Congenital megalo-ureter 
• Copper toxicity 
• Copperhead snake poisoning 
• Coumachlor rodenticide poisoning 
• Coumafuryl rodenticide poisoning 
• Coumatetralyl rodenticide poisoning 
• Cresols 
• Cresylic acid 
• Crotalidae snake poisoning 
• Crush injury 
• Cystine stone 
• Cystinuria 
• Cystitis 
• Dantron
• Deferiprone
• Defibrination syndrome 
• Dehydration 
• Diabetes insipidus 
• Diabetic nephropathy 
• Diarrhea 
• Dieldrin 
• Difenacoum rodenticide poisoning 
• Difethialone rodenticide poisoning 
• Diffuse leiomyomatosis
• Diphacinone rodenticide poisoning 
• Doxorubicin
• Dyschondrosteosis
• Enlarged prostate 
• Entacapone
• Eosinophilic cystitis
• Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia 
• Ethylene glycol 
• Eugenol oil poisoning 
• Excessive exercise 
• Factor v quebec 
• Factor x deficiency 
• Familial hematuria
• Familial renal cell carcinoma 
• Fechtner syndrome
• Fenwick ulcer 
• Fibrinogen deficiency
• Finale rodenticide poisoning
• Flocoumafen rodenticide poisoning 
• Fluorescein sodium
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 
• Folgorat rodenticide poisoning 
• Gasoline 
• Genitourinary infections 
• Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix 
• Glomerular disease 
• Glomerulonephritis 
• Glomerulopathy
• Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency 
• Glyphosate
• Gnathostoma hispidum infection 
• Gnathostoma spinigerum infection 
• Golden seal 
• Gonorrhea 
• Goodpasture's syndrome 
• Haematuria
• Hartnup's disease
• Havoc rodenticide poisoning 
• Heat cramps 
• Hellp syndrome 
• Hemoglobinuria
• Hemolytic uremic syndrome
• Hemophilia 
• Henoch-schonlein purpura 
• Hepatitis a 
• Hepatitis b 
• Hepatitis c 
• Hepatorenal tyrosinemia
• Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 
• Hereditary leiomyomatosis
• Herns syndrome 
• Honeymoon bladder 
• Hypercalciuria
• Hypertension
• Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis
• Idarubicin
• Iga nephropathy 
• Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
• Indandione rodenticide poisoning 
• Infective endocarditis
• Interstitial nephritis 
• Jaundice 
• Juniper tar poisoning 
• Kidney cancer 
• Kidney stones 
• Klerat rodenticide poisoning 
• Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency 
• Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency
• Leiomyomatosis of esophagus
• Leucinosis 
• Leukocytoclastic angiitis
• Liver cancer 
• Machupo virus 
• Malaria 
• Malignant rhabdoid tumors 
• Maple syrup urine disease
• Matikus rodenticide poisoning 
• Medullary sponge kidney 
• Meier-blumberg-imahorn syndrome 
• Melanoma
• Membranous nephropathy
• Mepacrine
• Methaemoglobinaemia
• Metronidazole
• Milky urine
• Mitoxantrone
• Monosodium methanarsenate 
• Mouser rodenticide poisoninge
• Myoglobinuria
• Nail-patella syndrome 
• Naked brimcap poisoning 
• Naphthalene 
• Nefopam
• Neoplastic porphyria tarda 
• Nephritis 
• Nephrocalcinosis 
• Nephropathy
• Nephrosis
• Nitrates 
• Norum disease
• Obstructive jaundice
• Oncocytoma
• Oral contraceptives
• Orchitis 
• Oxalosis 
• Oxamniquine
• Papillary renal cell carcinoma 
• Paragonimiases
• Parkinson's disease
• Pelvic fracture 
• Pelvic lipomatosis 
• Penis cancer 
• Penis conditions 
• Penis tourniquet syndrome 
• Pennyroyal oil
• Peppermint oil 
• Petroleum distillates
• Phenazopyridine
• Phenol 
• Phenolphthalein
• Phensuximide
• Phosphine 
• Phyllodes tumor of the prostate 
• Pierson syndrome 
• Pindone rodenticide poisoning 
• Pixantrone
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Porphyria 
• Precalicial canalicular ectasia
• Prostate cancer 
• Prostatic abscess 
• Prostatitis 
• Pyelonephritis 
• Quebec platelet disorder
• Ratak plus rodenticide poisoning
• Reflux nephropathy 
• Reiter’s syndrome 
• Renal abscess 
• Renal cancer 
• Renal colic 
• Renal failure
• Renal hypertension
• Renal mucormycosis 
• Renal nutcracker syndrome 
• Renal zygmycosis 
• Renovascular hypertension 
• Rhabdoid tumor 
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Rhubarb 
• Rifabutin
• Rifampicin
• Rodend rodenticide poisoning 
• Rue
• Salcedo syndrome 
• Sarcoma botryoides 
• Schistosomiasis 
• Senna 
• Southworth symptom complex
• Spirochetes disease 
• Stones 
• Stuart factor deficiency
• Sulphasalazine
• Talon rodenticide poisoning 
• Thalassemia 
• Thrombasthenia 
• Thrombocytopathy 
• Thrombocytopenia
• Thrombocytopenic purpura
• Torulopsis 
• Toxic epidermal necrolysis 
• Toxic mushrooms
• Transitional cell carcinoma
• Trichosporin infection 
• Tuberculosis 
• Turpentine oil 
• Urachal cancer 
• Urachal cyst 
• Urban schosser spohn syndrome 
• Ureter cancer 
• Urethral cancer 
• Urinary disorders 
• Urinary stones 
• Urinary system cancer 
• Urinary tract infections 
• Urod-related porphyria cutanea tarda
• Vasculitis hypersensitivity 
• Vasculitis 
• Volak rodenticide poisoning 
• Volid rodenticide poisoning 
• Wegener's granulomatosis 
• Weil syndrome 
• Wilms tumor
• Wilson's disease 
• Xanthic urolithiasis 
• Xanthine oxydase deficiency 
• Xanthinuria
• Yellow fever