Transposition of the great vessels overview: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
The [[TGA]] was first described in 1797 by '''Matthew Baillie''' as a "singular malformation". The word '''transposition''' was coined by '''Farre''' in 1814. | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
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== Epidemiology and Demographics== | == Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
TGA is not known to be associated with any specific single [[gene]] defect, but some studies have shown possible genetic association in some cases of TGA, involving deletions of [[22q11.2 deletion syndrome|chromosome 22q11]]. Other risk factors in the mother that may increase the risk of this condition include age over 40, [[alcoholism]], [[diabetes]], prenatal [[malnutrition]] and [[rubella]] or other viral illness during [[pregnancy]]. | |||
==Screening== | ==Screening== | ||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ||
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===Diagnostic Study of Choice=== | ===Diagnostic Study of Choice=== | ||
===History and Symptoms=== | ===History and Symptoms=== | ||
The clinical features of D-TGA are solely dependent on the degree of mixing between the parallel circuits. Most patients present with signs and symptoms during the [[neonatal]] period. Symptoms of D-TGA present with [[cyanosis]], [[tachypnea]] and [[murmurs]]. Patients with L-TGA present with symptoms of [[heart failure]] until later in life when the [[right ventricle]] can no longer compensate increased after load. | |||
===Physical Examination=== | ===Physical Examination=== | ||
===Laboratory Findings === | ===Laboratory Findings === | ||
Revision as of 17:21, 19 February 2020
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Transposition of the great vessels Microchapters |
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Classification |
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Differentiating Transposition of the great vessels from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Surgery |
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Case Studies |
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Transposition of the great vessels overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Transposition of the great vessels overview |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Transposition of the great vessels overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Keri Shafer, M.D. [4]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [5]
Overview
It refers to a group of congenital heart defects involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the primary blood vessel:superior vena cava and/or inferior vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta.
{{#ev:youtube|ZY11g3VZGVI}}
Transposition of the great vessels (TGV)
- It refers to a group of congenital heart defects involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the primary blood vessel:superior vena cava and/or inferior vena cava,pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta.
- The clinical signs and symptoms associated with TGV may range from a change in blood pressure to an interruption in circulation, depending on the nature and degree of the misplacement and which vessels are involved.
- The term "TGV" is often used as a more specific reference to transposition of the great arteries TGA; however, TGA only relates to the aorta and the pulmonary artery, whereas TGV is a broader term which can relate to these vessels as well as the SVC, IVC, and pulmonary veins.
- In its strictest sense, transposition of vessels relates only to defects in which two or more vessels have "swapped" positions; in a broader sense, it may be taken to relate to any defect in which a vessel is in an abnormal position.
- The terms TGV and TGA are most commonly used in reference to dextro-TGA- in which the arteries are in swapped positions.
- Both terms are also commonly used, though to a slightly lesser extent, in reference to Levo-Transposition of the great arteries- in which both the arteries and the ventricles are swapped; while other defects in this category are almost never referred to by either of these terms.
- CHDs involving only the primary arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta) belong to a sub-group called transposition of the great arteries.
- Most patients have an interatrial communication. Two-thirds have a patent ductus arteriosus, and about one-third have a ventricular septal defect.
Overview
Historical Perspective
The TGA was first described in 1797 by Matthew Baillie as a "singular malformation". The word transposition was coined by Farre in 1814.
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Xyz from Other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
TGA is not known to be associated with any specific single gene defect, but some studies have shown possible genetic association in some cases of TGA, involving deletions of chromosome 22q11. Other risk factors in the mother that may increase the risk of this condition include age over 40, alcoholism, diabetes, prenatal malnutrition and rubella or other viral illness during pregnancy.
Screening
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
The clinical features of D-TGA are solely dependent on the degree of mixing between the parallel circuits. Most patients present with signs and symptoms during the neonatal period. Symptoms of D-TGA present with cyanosis, tachypnea and murmurs. Patients with L-TGA present with symptoms of heart failure until later in life when the right ventricle can no longer compensate increased after load.