Heart transplantation epidemiology and demographics

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Editor(s)-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [1]

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

• The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Prevalence

• The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.

Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate

• In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
• The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].

Age

• Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
• The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
• [Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
• [Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
• [Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].

Race

• There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
• [Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].

Gender

• [Disease name] affects men and women equally.
• [Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.

Region

• The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].

• [Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].

Epidemiology and Demographics

Reporting of transplant statistics to the Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) is required in the US, but not other countries. According to The International Thoracic Organ Transplant Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Thirty-sixth adult heart transplantation report — 2019:

• The volume of heart transplants reported to the ISHLT Registry is significantly higher owing to increased donor availability.
• Median recipient age is 55 years
• Median donor age in Europe has increased to 45 years and remains relatively stable in North America at 28 years and other countries at 31 years.
• The leading indications for transplant in adult recipients are
  • non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy- 51%
  • ischemic cardiomyopathy 32%
• Post transplant survival has improved and the median survival after adult heart transplants performed between 2002 and 2009 is 12.5 years.
• Causes of death in the long term have not changed in recent years. Death due to acute graft rejection is highest in the first 30 days and infectious complications is leading cause in the first year.

References

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