Heart transplantation pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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===Pathogenesis=== | ===Pathogenesis=== | ||
Cardiac Transplantation is the end result of intractable heart failure. It is understood that heart failure is the end result of many causes- | |||
Common causes and indications that result in the need for cardiac transplantation may include:<ref name="pmid26776864">{{cite journal| author=Mehra MR, Canter CE, Hannan MM, Semigran MJ, Uber PA, Baran DA | display-authors=etal| title=The 2016 International Society for Heart Lung Transplantation listing criteria for heart transplantation: A 10-year update. | journal=J Heart Lung Transplant | year= 2016 | volume= 35 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-23 | pmid=26776864 | doi=10.1016/j.healun.2015.10.023 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26776864 }} </ref> | |||
*Systolic Heart Failure with a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction less than 35% | |||
*[ | **Ischemic [[cardiomyopathy]] | ||
* | **Dilated cardiomyopathy | ||
*[ | **[[Valvular heart disease]] | ||
* | **[[Hypertensive heart disease]] | ||
**Etiologies which are excluded are [[amyloid]], [[HIV]], and cardiac [[sarcoma]] | |||
*Ischemic Coronary Artery Disease with Refractory [[Angina]] | |||
*Intractable life-threatening [[Arrhythmias]] | |||
**Ventricular arrhythmias which are not controlled by an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator | |||
*Cardiomyopathies | |||
**Restrictive and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies with [[NYHA]] Class IV [[heart failure]] symptoms | |||
**Non-dilated cardiomyopathies | |||
*Congenital Heart Disease | |||
** New York Heart Association functional class IV [[Heart Failure]] not amenable to surgery. | |||
==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
Revision as of 17:56, 22 June 2020
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Heart transplantation Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Heart transplantation pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Heart transplantation pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Heart transplantation pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The exact pathogenesis of [disease name] is not fully understood.
OR
It is thought that [disease name] is the result of / is mediated by / is produced by / is caused by either [hypothesis 1], [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
OR
[Pathogen name] is usually transmitted via the [transmission route] route to the human host.
OR
Following transmission/ingestion, the [pathogen] uses the [entry site] to invade the [cell name] cell.
OR
[Disease or malignancy name] arises from [cell name]s, which are [cell type] cells that are normally involved in [function of cells].
OR
The progression to [disease name] usually involves the [molecular pathway].
OR
The pathophysiology of [disease/malignancy] depends on the histological subtype.
Pathophysiology
Physiology
The normal physiology of [name of process] can be understood as follows:
Pathogenesis
Cardiac Transplantation is the end result of intractable heart failure. It is understood that heart failure is the end result of many causes- Common causes and indications that result in the need for cardiac transplantation may include:[1]
- Systolic Heart Failure with a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction less than 35%
- Ischemic cardiomyopathy
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Valvular heart disease
- Hypertensive heart disease
- Etiologies which are excluded are amyloid, HIV, and cardiac sarcoma
- Ischemic Coronary Artery Disease with Refractory Angina
- Intractable life-threatening Arrhythmias
- Ventricular arrhythmias which are not controlled by an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
- Cardiomyopathies
- Restrictive and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathies with NYHA Class IV heart failure symptoms
- Non-dilated cardiomyopathies
- Congenital Heart Disease
- New York Heart Association functional class IV Heart Failure not amenable to surgery.
Genetics
[Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
OR
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include:
- [Gene1]
- [Gene2]
- [Gene3]
OR
The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations such as:
- [Mutation 1]
- [Mutation 2]
- [Mutation 3]
Associated Conditions
Conditions associated with [disease name] include:
- [Condition 1]
- [Condition 2]
- [Condition 3]
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ Mehra MR, Canter CE, Hannan MM, Semigran MJ, Uber PA, Baran DA; et al. (2016). "The 2016 International Society for Heart Lung Transplantation listing criteria for heart transplantation: A 10-year update". J Heart Lung Transplant. 35 (1): 1–23. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2015.10.023. PMID 26776864.