Pre-eclampsia risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2]

• Common risk factors in the development of preeclampsia include:
• Nulliparity
• Multifetal gestations
• Preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy
• Chronic hypertension
• Pregestational diabetes
• Gestational diabetes
• Thrombophilia
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• body mass index greater than 30 at the begining of prenatal care
• Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
• Maternal age 35 years or older
• Kidney disease
• Assisted reproductive technology
• Obstructive sleep apnea