Epistaxis classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Epistaxis]] can be classified into anterior-epistaxis and posterior-epistaxis based upon which vessel is source of bleeding. | |||
==Classification== | |||
== | [[Epistaxis]] can be classified into anterior-epistaxis and posterior-epistaxis based upon which vessel is source of bleeding::<ref name="KrulewitzFix2019">{{cite journal|last1=Krulewitz|first1=Neil Alexander|last2=Fix|first2=Megan Leigh|title=Epistaxis|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|volume=37|issue=1|year=2019|pages=29–39|issn=07338627|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2018.09.005}}</ref> <ref name{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430685/|title=Epistaxis (Nose Bleed)|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> <ref name="TunkelAnne2020">{{cite journal|last1=Tunkel|first1=David E.|last2=Anne|first2=Samantha|last3=Payne|first3=Spencer C.|last4=Ishman|first4=Stacey L.|last5=Rosenfeld|first5=Richard M.|last6=Abramson|first6=Peter J.|last7=Alikhaani|first7=Jacqueline D.|last8=Benoit|first8=Margo McKenna|last9=Bercovitz|first9=Rachel S.|last10=Brown|first10=Michael D.|last11=Chernobilsky|first11=Boris|last12=Feldstein|first12=David A.|last13=Hackell|first13=Jesse M.|last14=Holbrook|first14=Eric H.|last15=Holdsworth|first15=Sarah M.|last16=Lin|first16=Kenneth W.|last17=Lind|first17=Meredith Merz|last18=Poetker|first18=David M.|last19=Riley|first19=Charles A.|last20=Schneider|first20=John S.|last21=Seidman|first21=Michael D.|last22=Vadlamudi|first22=Venu|last23=Valdez|first23=Tulio A.|last24=Nnacheta|first24=Lorraine C.|last25=Monjur|first25=Taskin M.|title=Clinical Practice Guideline: Nosebleed (Epistaxis)|journal=Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery|volume=162|issue=1_suppl|year=2020|pages=S1–S38|issn=0194-5998|doi=10.1177/0194599819890327}}</ref> | ||
'''Anterior-[[epistaxis]]''': | |||
* Anterior epistaxis is more common, and source of this bleeding is usually [[Kiesselbach's plexus]]. | |||
* Anterior epistaxis is easier to control with nasal compression, nasal packing and cautery. | |||
'''Posterior-[[epistaxis]]:''' | |||
* Posterior [[bleeding]] is less common and harder to stop, and source of this [[bleeding]] is usually Woodruff's [[plexus]]. | |||
* Bleeding from this plexus may cause [[aspiration]] and show [[bleeding]] with [[coughing]] and [[hemoptysis]]. | |||
* Posterior [[rhinoscopy]] is needed to find source of [[bleeding]]. | |||
* Posterior [[nasal packing]] and [[cautery]] are usual procedures to stop posterior nasal [[bleeding]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 20:13, 28 October 2020
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Epistaxis Microchapters |
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Epistaxis classification On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Epistaxis classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1],Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amir Behzad Bagheri, M.D.
Overview
Epistaxis can be classified into anterior-epistaxis and posterior-epistaxis based upon which vessel is source of bleeding.
Classification
Epistaxis can be classified into anterior-epistaxis and posterior-epistaxis based upon which vessel is source of bleeding::[1] Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
Anterior-epistaxis:
- Anterior epistaxis is more common, and source of this bleeding is usually Kiesselbach's plexus.
- Anterior epistaxis is easier to control with nasal compression, nasal packing and cautery.
Posterior-epistaxis:
- Posterior bleeding is less common and harder to stop, and source of this bleeding is usually Woodruff's plexus.
- Bleeding from this plexus may cause aspiration and show bleeding with coughing and hemoptysis.
- Posterior rhinoscopy is needed to find source of bleeding.
- Posterior nasal packing and cautery are usual procedures to stop posterior nasal bleeding.
References
- ↑ Krulewitz, Neil Alexander; Fix, Megan Leigh (2019). "Epistaxis". Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 37 (1): 29–39. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2018.09.005. ISSN 0733-8627.