Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
*Based on various studied cases there is no relation between anti-[[Spirochaete|spirochetal]] [[Immunoglobulin G|IgG]] and [[inflammation|inflammatory]] [[Cell (biology)|cell]] concentration (such as [[plasma cell]] concentration). | *Based on various studied cases there is no relation between anti-[[Spirochaete|spirochetal]] [[Immunoglobulin G|IgG]] and [[inflammation|inflammatory]] [[Cell (biology)|cell]] concentration (such as [[plasma cell]] concentration). | ||
*[[Borrelia]] itself has been found in some of the [[skin]] samples. In a study done on 693 [[patients]] suffering from [[Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans|acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans]], 30.1% of samples were positive for [[borrelia]]. <ref name="pmid33550695">{{cite journal| author=Ogrinc K, Maraspin V, Lusa L, Cerar Kišek T, Ružić-Sabljić E, Strle F| title=Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans: clinical and microbiological characteristics of a cohort of 693 Slovenian patients. | journal=J Intern Med | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=33550695 | doi=10.1111/joim.13266 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=33550695 }} </ref> | *[[Borrelia]] itself has been found in some of the [[skin]] samples. In a study done on 693 [[patients]] suffering from [[Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans|acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans]], 30.1% of samples were positive for [[borrelia]]. <ref name="pmid33550695">{{cite journal| author=Ogrinc K, Maraspin V, Lusa L, Cerar Kišek T, Ružić-Sabljić E, Strle F| title=Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans: clinical and microbiological characteristics of a cohort of 693 Slovenian patients. | journal=J Intern Med | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=33550695 | doi=10.1111/joim.13266 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=33550695 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Borrelia]] can grew in [[skin]] [[culture]] even after 10 years of active [[disease]], which is an evidence | *[[Borrelia]] can grew in [[skin]] [[culture]] even after 10 years of active [[disease]], which is an evidence of [[borrelia]] ability to survive for a long period.<ref name="ÅsbrinkHovmark2009">{{cite journal|last1=Åsbrink|first1=Eva|last2=Hovmark|first2=Anders|title=Successful Cultivation of Spirochetes from Skin Lesions of Patients With Erythema Chronicum Migrans Afzelius and Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans|journal=Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Series B: Microbiology|volume=93B|issue=1-6|year=2009|pages=161–163|issn=01080180|doi=10.1111/j.1699-0463.1985.tb02870.x}}</ref> | ||
*Negative [[skin]] [[Tissue culture|culture]] for [[borrelia]] doens't exclude the [[diagnosis]].<ref name="NadalGundelfinger1988">{{cite journal|last1=Nadal|first1=D|last2=Gundelfinger|first2=R|last3=Flueler|first3=U|last4=Boltshauser|first4=E|title=Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans.|journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood|volume=63|issue=1|year=1988|pages=72–74|issn=0003-9888|doi=10.1136/adc.63.1.72}}</ref> | |||
*A study done on [[patients]] with [[Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans|acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans]] revealed [[rheumatoid factor]] in 32% of [[patients]].<ref name="pmid2715325">{{cite journal| author=Hansen K, Asbrink E| title=Serodiagnosis of erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans by the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year= 1989 | volume= 27 | issue= 3 | pages= 545-51 | pmid=2715325 | doi=10.1128/jcm.27.3.545-551.1989 | pmc=267355 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2715325 }} </ref> | *A study done on [[patients]] with [[Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans|acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans]] revealed [[rheumatoid factor]] in 32% of [[patients]].<ref name="pmid2715325">{{cite journal| author=Hansen K, Asbrink E| title=Serodiagnosis of erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans by the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year= 1989 | volume= 27 | issue= 3 | pages= 545-51 | pmid=2715325 | doi=10.1128/jcm.27.3.545-551.1989 | pmc=267355 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2715325 }} </ref> | ||
*Elevated levels of [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]] could be seen in these [[patients]].<ref name="NadalGundelfinger1988">{{cite journal|last1=Nadal|first1=D|last2=Gundelfinger|first2=R|last3=Flueler|first3=U|last4=Boltshauser|first4=E|title=Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans.|journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood|volume=63|issue=1|year=1988|pages=72–74|issn=0003-9888|doi=10.1136/adc.63.1.72}}</ref> | *Elevated levels of [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]] could be seen in these [[patients]].<ref name="NadalGundelfinger1988">{{cite journal|last1=Nadal|first1=D|last2=Gundelfinger|first2=R|last3=Flueler|first3=U|last4=Boltshauser|first4=E|title=Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans.|journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood|volume=63|issue=1|year=1988|pages=72–74|issn=0003-9888|doi=10.1136/adc.63.1.72}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 16:39, 8 June 2021
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anahita Deylamsalehi, M.D.[2] Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]
|
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings |
|
FDA on Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings |
|
CDC on Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings |
|
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings in the news |
|
Blogs on Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans laboratory findings |
Overview
An elevated/reduced concentration of serum/blood/urinary/CSF/other [lab test] is diagnostic of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans.
Laboratory Findings
- Physicians can use serologic and histologic examination to confirm the diagnosis of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans.[1]
- High anti-spirochetal antibody levels (both IgG and IgM) has been detected at indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).[2][3][1]
- Among various antigens in borrelia burgdorferi, flagellum antigen is one of the recommended serologic evaluation in acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans patients. Moreover checking IgG against borrelia are more specific compared to IgM.[3]
- Based on various studied cases there is no relation between anti-spirochetal IgG and inflammatory cell concentration (such as plasma cell concentration).
- Borrelia itself has been found in some of the skin samples. In a study done on 693 patients suffering from acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, 30.1% of samples were positive for borrelia. [1]
- Borrelia can grew in skin culture even after 10 years of active disease, which is an evidence of borrelia ability to survive for a long period.[4]
- Negative skin culture for borrelia doens't exclude the diagnosis.[5]
- A study done on patients with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans revealed rheumatoid factor in 32% of patients.[3]
- Elevated levels of ESR could be seen in these patients.[5]
- Biopsy shows chronic inflammatory signs in chronic cases. Other histological finding are listed below: [6][2][5]
- Perivascular lymphocytic infiltration
- Plasma cells
- Histiocytes
- Telangiectasia
- Pigmented stratum germinativum
- Dermis and epidermis thinning
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Ogrinc K, Maraspin V, Lusa L, Cerar Kišek T, Ružić-Sabljić E, Strle F (2021). "Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans: clinical and microbiological characteristics of a cohort of 693 Slovenian patients". J Intern Med. doi:10.1111/joim.13266. PMID 33550695 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Asbrink E, Hovmark A, Olsson I (1986). "Clinical manifestations of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans in 50 Swedish patients". Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 263 (1–2): 253–61. doi:10.1016/s0176-6724(86)80128-6. PMID 3577484.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hansen K, Asbrink E (1989). "Serodiagnosis of erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans by the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay". J Clin Microbiol. 27 (3): 545–51. doi:10.1128/jcm.27.3.545-551.1989. PMC 267355. PMID 2715325.
- ↑ Åsbrink, Eva; Hovmark, Anders (2009). "Successful Cultivation of Spirochetes from Skin Lesions of Patients With Erythema Chronicum Migrans Afzelius and Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans". Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Series B: Microbiology. 93B (1–6): 161–163. doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1985.tb02870.x. ISSN 0108-0180.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Nadal, D; Gundelfinger, R; Flueler, U; Boltshauser, E (1988). "Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 63 (1): 72–74. doi:10.1136/adc.63.1.72. ISSN 0003-9888.
- ↑ Rosenlund S, Bækgaard N, Menné T (2011). "[Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans can be difficult to diagnose]". Ugeskr. Laeg. (in Danish). 173 (50): 3272–3. PMID 22153213. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)