Lactic acidosis historical perspective

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Overview:

Lactic acid was first found and described in sour milk by Karl Wilhelm Scheele (1742–1786) in 1780. The German physician–chemist Johann Joseph Scherer (1841–1869) demonstrated the occurrence of lactic acid in human blood under pathological conditions in 1843 and 1851. In this article we honour the forgotten observations by Scherer and describe the influence of Scherer's finding on further research on lactic acid at the end of the 19th century. We conclude that Scherer's 1843 case reports should be cited as the first description of lactic acid in human blood after death and also as the first demonstration of lactic acid as a pathological finding in septic and haemorrhagic shock. Carl Folwarczny was, in 1858, the first to demonstrate lactic acid in blood in a living patient.

• First Sentence:

Lactic acid in a living humans blood was first demonstrated by Carl Folwarczny, an Austrian physician in 1858.

Additional Sentences:

Additional Sentence 1: In [year], the first [event] occurred/was first reported following/during [event].

Additional Sentence 2: In [year], the first [discovery] was developed by [scientist] to treat/diagnose [disease name].

Additional Sentence 3: There have been several outbreaks of [disease] which are summarized below.

Additional Sentence 4: [Disease name] was first described in [year] by [scientist].

Additional Sentence 5: [Risk factor or cause] was first discovered to be associated with [disease] in [year].

Additional Sentence 6: In [year], [scientist] was the first to discover the association between [risk factor] and development of [disease].

Additional Sentence 7: In [year], [gene] mutations were first identified in the pathogenesis of [disease].

Preferred Template Statements

IF the circumstances under which the disease was discovered are known:

• [Disease name] was first discovered by [name of scientist], a [nationality + occupation], in [year]/during/following [event].

Other sentences may describe the development of diagnostic techniques or therapies to treat the disease, outbreaks or epidemics throughout history, discoveries relating to the pathogenesis or causes of the disease, etc. A non-comprehensive list of additional template statements is below.

• In [year], [diagnostic test/therapy] was developed by [scientist] to treat/diagnose [disease name].
• There have been several outbreaks of [disease name], which are summarized below.
• The association between [important risk factor/cause] and [disease name] was made in/during [year/event].
• In [year], [scientist] was the first to discover the association between [risk factor] and the development of [disease name].
• In [year], [gene] mutations were first implicated in the pathogenesis of [disease name].
• The following are a few famous cases of [disease name].

Discovery

• Scherer highlighted in the conclusion of his book (published 1843), the fact that lactic acid was present in patients of puerperal fever and not in healthy people. He was of the mind that lactic acid was formed in blood during breakdown of tissue in puerperal fever and other severe diseases. Thus, lactic acid was recorded in human blood for the first time and was associated for the first time with symptoms of septic and haemorrhagic shock.

Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies

• Include notable scientists who studied the condition.
• Include landmark changes in approaches to studying the disease.
• This is a good place to include pictures of treatments, such as the "iron lung" for polio. For more information on adding pictures, click here.
• For an example of a development of treatment strategies section within a historical perspective page, click here.

Impact on Cultural History

• Here you can include the impact the disease has had over time from a cultural aspect.
• Include pandemics, epidemics, outbreaks, and initial mortality.
• Include the impact of the disease on society, such as the devastation, the way the sick were treated, and the impacts of the treatments that were used at the time.
• For an example of an impact on cultural history section within a historical perspective page, click here.

Famous Cases

• Include prominent cases of the condition in history (eg. Typhoid Mary).
• Include famous people who were afflicted by the condition.
• Include famous cases that defined the condition in history.

References

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