*Average annual [[incidence]] is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year<ref name="pmid24495742">{{cite journal| author=Xiong CH, Yan Y, Liao Z, Peng SH, Wen HR, Zhang YX | display-authors=etal| title=Epidemiological characteristics of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Nanchang, China: a retrospective study. | journal=BMC Public Health | year= 2014 | volume= 14 | issue= | pages= 111 | pmid=24495742 | doi=10.1186/1471-2458-14-111 | pmc=3922734 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24495742 }} </ref>, <ref name="pmid19942388">{{cite journal| author=Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sanefuji M, Yamaguchi Y, Yasumoto S | display-authors=etal| title=Clinical study of childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, and acute transverse myelitis in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. | journal=Brain Dev | year= 2010 | volume= 32 | issue= 6 | pages= 454-62 | pmid=19942388 | doi=10.1016/j.braindev.2009.10.006 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19942388 }} </ref>, <ref name="pmid17219129">{{cite journal| author=Pohl D, Hennemuth I, von Kries R, Hanefeld F| title=Paediatric multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in Germany: results of a nationwide survey. | journal=Eur J Pediatr | year= 2007 | volume= 166 | issue= 5 | pages= 405-12 | pmid=17219129 | doi=10.1007/s00431-006-0249-2 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17219129 }} </ref>.
*Population based studies revealed a slightly lower [[incidence]] in the US and UK compared to Asian countries. The [[incidence]] of [[pediatric]] [[ADEM]] varies between 0.47/100000 and 0.64/100000 in the Asian countries compared to 0.07/100000 and 0.30/100000 in Europe and San Diego.
* The [[incidence]] seems to be increasing with the distance from the Equator.
*The [[Incidence (epidemiology)|incidence]] of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] is about 1 in 125,000-250,000 people each year, in children younger than 10 years, despite the fact that it is a rare disorder.<ref name="pmid11376179">{{cite journal| author=Hynson JL, Kornberg AJ, Coleman LT, Shield L, Harvey AS, Kean MJ| title=Clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. | journal=Neurology | year= 2001 | volume= 56 | issue= 10 | pages= 1308-12 | pmid=11376179 | doi=10.1212/wnl.56.10.1308 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11376179 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12165620">{{cite journal| author=Murthy SN, Faden HS, Cohen ME, Bakshi R| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 2002 | volume= 110 | issue= 2 Pt 1 | pages= e21 | pmid=12165620 | doi=10.1542/peds.110.2.e21 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12165620 }}</ref>
===[[Demographics]]===
*Each year, regional medical centers in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia see three to six instances.<ref name="pmid11099444">{{cite journal| author=Dale RC, de Sousa C, Chong WK, Cox TC, Harding B, Neville BG| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis in children. | journal=Brain | year= 2000 | volume= 123 Pt 12 | issue= | pages= 2407-22 | pmid=11099444 | doi=10.1093/brain/123.12.2407 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11099444 }} </ref>
* [[ADEM]] is more common during childhood with a [[median]] age on onset between 5-8 years with a male predominance (1.8:1)
* The adult age of [[presentation]] ranges from 33 to 41 years without any gender predilection.
===Prevalence===
* No specific ethnic distribution has been described.
*The prevalance of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] rises as one moves further away from the Equator.<ref name="pmid27742816">{{cite journal| author=Yamaguchi Y, Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sakai Y, Sanefuji M | display-authors=etal| title=A nationwide survey of pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes in Japan. | journal=Neurology | year= 2016 | volume= 87 | issue= 19 | pages= 2006-2015 | pmid=27742816 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000003318 | pmc=5109945 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27742816 }}</ref><ref name="pmid25761377">{{cite journal| author=Koelman DL, Mateen FJ| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: current controversies in diagnosis and outcome. | journal=J Neurol | year= 2015 | volume= 262 | issue= 9 | pages= 2013-24 | pmid=25761377 | doi=10.1007/s00415-015-7694-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25761377 }} Majority are categorized as post-[[infectious]] [[central nervous system]] illness ([[viral]] or [[Bacterial|bacteria]]<nowiki/>l) being recorded in up to 50–75 percent of patients and the minority being after [[vaccination]].<nowiki><ref name="pmid26620160"></nowiki>{{cite journal| author=Berzero G, Cortese A, Ravaglia S, Marchioni E| title=Diagnosis and therapy of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants. | journal=Expert Rev Neurother | year= 2016 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 83-101 | pmid=26620160 | doi=10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26620160 }} </ref>
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate===
*Although [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] is potentially [[lethal]], the [[mortality rate]] is none to low, but few studies found that [[Mortality rate|mortality]] was around 3%.<ref name="pmid22516794">{{cite journal| author=Absoud M, Lim MJ, Chong WK, De Goede CG, Foster K, Gunny R | display-authors=etal| title=Paediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes: incidence, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2013 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 76-86 | pmid=22516794 | doi=10.1177/1352458512445944 | pmc=3409874 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22516794 }}</ref><ref name="pmid29141794">{{cite journal| author=Iype M, Kunju PAM, Saradakutty G, Anish TS, Sreedharan M, Ahamed SM| title=Short term outcome of ADEM: Results from a retrospective cohort study from South India. | journal=Mult Scler Relat Disord | year= 2017 | volume= 18 | issue= | pages= 128-134 | pmid=29141794 | doi=10.1016/j.msard.2017.09.018 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29141794 }}</ref><ref name="pmid28768844">{{cite journal| author=Hennes EM, Baumann M, Schanda K, Anlar B, Bajer-Kornek B, Blaschek A | display-authors=etal| title=Prognostic relevance of MOG antibodies in children with an acquired demyelinating syndrome. | journal=Neurology | year= 2017 | volume= 89 | issue= 9 | pages= 900-908 | pmid=28768844 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000004312 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28768844 }}</ref><ref name="pmid20876155">{{cite journal| author=Absoud M, Parslow RC, Wassmer E, Hemingway C, Duncan HP, Cummins C | display-authors=etal| title=Severe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a paediatric intensive care population-based study. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2011 | volume= 17 | issue= 10 | pages= 1258-61 | pmid=20876155 | doi=10.1177/1352458510382554 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20876155 }}</ref>
===Age===
*The usual [[age]] of onset is 3 to 7 years, few cases been reported between 10 and twenty.
===Gender===
*[[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] affects males more likely than females (male to female ratio of 1.3:1), and it happens more frequently in the winter and spring.
===Race===
*There is no [[racial]] predilection to the development of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] and affects people all over the world.<ref name="pmid25265138">{{cite journal| author=Pellegrino P, Radice S, Clementi E| title=Geoepidemiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Epidemiology | year= 2014 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 928-9 | pmid=25265138 | doi=10.1097/EDE.0000000000000176 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25265138 }}</ref>
===Region===
*It affects people all over the world, comparable to the geographic distribution of [[multiple sclerosis]].
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Overview
The incidence of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis reported to be 1 in 125,000-250,000 children aged 10 years or younger. The median age at onset is 3 to 7 yrs. It affects males and females in the ratio of 1.3 to 1. There is no racial predilection to the development of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
Average annual incidence is between 0.07 and 0.6 per 1,00,000 individuals per year[1], [2], [3].
Population based studies revealed a slightly lower incidence in the US and UK compared to Asian countries. The incidence of pediatricADEM varies between 0.47/100000 and 0.64/100000 in the Asian countries compared to 0.07/100000 and 0.30/100000 in Europe and San Diego.
The incidence seems to be increasing with the distance from the Equator.