Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The exact mechanism of [[acute]] [[disseminated]] [[encephalomyelitis]] is not determined. However, it is usually preceded by an environmental trigger, e.g. an [infection]] or [[vaccination]] and affects individuals with a [[genetic]] predisposition. | The exact mechanism of [[acute]] [[disseminated]] [[encephalomyelitis]] is not determined. However, it is usually preceded by an environmental trigger, e.g. an [[infection]] or [[vaccination]] and affects individuals with a [[genetic]] predisposition. | ||
==Pathophysiology<ref name="pmid30683508">{{cite journal| author=Torisu H, Okada K| title=Vaccination-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Vaccine | year= 2019 | volume= 37 | issue= 8 | pages= 1126-1129 | pmid=30683508 | doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.021 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30683508 }} </ref>== | ==Pathophysiology<ref name="pmid30683508">{{cite journal| author=Torisu H, Okada K| title=Vaccination-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Vaccine | year= 2019 | volume= 37 | issue= 8 | pages= 1126-1129 | pmid=30683508 | doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.021 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30683508 }} </ref>== | ||
Revision as of 09:55, 22 November 2022
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujaya Chattopadhyay, M.D.[2]
Overview
The exact mechanism of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is not determined. However, it is usually preceded by an environmental trigger, e.g. an infection or vaccination and affects individuals with a genetic predisposition.
Pathophysiology[1]
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is described as an autoimmune disorder, resulting in central nervous system demyelination.Enviromental stimuli activate cellular and humoral responses which cross-react with myelin autoantigens namely, myelin basic protein, myelin oligoendrocyte protein, proteolipid protein.
- In an alternative mechanism, post-vaccination and post-infective circulating immune complexes in the CNS give rise to an inflammatory reaction, resulting in increased vascular permeability and congestion. This disrupts the blood- brain barrier, allowing infiltration by antigens and mononuclear cells. They cause perivascular edema and hemorrhage which culminate in demyelination, necrosis and gliosis.
References
- ↑ Torisu H, Okada K (2019). "Vaccination-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis". Vaccine. 37 (8): 1126–1129. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.021. PMID 30683508.