Commotio cordis overview: Difference between revisions
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There are several measures to reduce the incidence of [[commotio cordis]] and its complications in sports such as: having athletic trainers, teaching [[CPR]] and the usage of [[AED]] among trainers and athletics and other personnel, wearing protective equipment, avoiding weight and strength disparities among athletics. | There are several measures to reduce the incidence of [[commotio cordis]] and its complications in sports such as: having athletic trainers, teaching [[CPR]] and the usage of [[AED]] among trainers and athletics and other personnel, wearing protective equipment, avoiding weight and strength disparities among athletics. | ||
==Differential diagnosis== | |||
[[Commotio cordis]] should be distinguished from [[cardiac contusion]], which occurs when a blunt strike to the chest damages the structural heart structures. the differential diagnosis of commotio cordis includes other causes of [[sudden cardiac death]] during sport participation, such as [[familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[myocarditis]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[long-QT syndrome]], [[Brugada syndrome]], [[Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome]], [[Marfan syndrome]], [[aortic valve stenosis]], [[mitral valve prolapse]], [[coronary artery disease]], [[asthma]], [[heat stroke]], [[drug abuse]], and a ruptured [[cerebral artery]]. It is important to consider the possibility of intentional acts of violence causing commotio cordis. | [[Commotio cordis]] should be distinguished from [[cardiac contusion]], which occurs when a blunt strike to the chest damages the structural heart structures. the differential diagnosis of commotio cordis includes other causes of [[sudden cardiac death]] during sport participation, such as [[familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[myocarditis]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[long-QT syndrome]], [[Brugada syndrome]], [[Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome]], [[Marfan syndrome]], [[aortic valve stenosis]], [[mitral valve prolapse]], [[coronary artery disease]], [[asthma]], [[heat stroke]], [[drug abuse]], and a ruptured [[cerebral artery]]. It is important to consider the possibility of intentional acts of violence causing commotio cordis. | ||
Revision as of 08:05, 29 August 2023
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Commotio cordis is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by sudden cardiac death triggered by a blunt, non-penetrating impact to the chest. It is most commonly associated with sports activities, such as baseball, ice hockey, lacrosse, and softball. However, it can also occur as a result of fistfights or other forms of physical violence.
Pathophysiology
Typically, arrhythmic deaths are caused by a low/mild force striking the chest wall, a condition known as Commotio Cordis. Many of those suffering from this condition are athletes between the ages of 8 and 18 and play sports that involve projectiles, such as baseball, hockey pucks, and lacrosse balls. When a hand strikes in martial arts, its force can alter its rhythm, causing it to become arrhythmic. If a projectile strikes the athlete's heart in the middle of their chest with a low impact but is sufficient to cause their heart to become arrhythmic, it can also cause the athlete's heart to become arrhythmic. In the case of commotio cordis, a poor prognosis is associated with failure to provide immediate CPR and defibrillation. This is a hazardous condition that has a very low survival rate.
Causes
The most common causes of Commotio cordis are sports that during them the chance of chest trauma with objects or the opponents is high. It can also be seen in cases of child abuse, torture, motor vehicle collisions or fights. There are several measures to reduce the incidence of commotio cordis and its complications in sports such as: having athletic trainers, teaching CPR and the usage of AED among trainers and athletics and other personnel, wearing protective equipment, avoiding weight and strength disparities among athletics.
Differential diagnosis
Commotio cordis should be distinguished from cardiac contusion, which occurs when a blunt strike to the chest damages the structural heart structures. the differential diagnosis of commotio cordis includes other causes of sudden cardiac death during sport participation, such as familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, long-QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, Marfan syndrome, aortic valve stenosis, mitral valve prolapse, coronary artery disease, asthma, heat stroke, drug abuse, and a ruptured cerebral artery. It is important to consider the possibility of intentional acts of violence causing commotio cordis.