Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy screening: Difference between revisions
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{{Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy}} | {{Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy}} | ||
'''Editors-In-Chief:''' C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [mailto:mgibson@perfuse.org] | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Genetic testing is the diagnostic study of choice to definitively diagnose hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Absent the availability of genetic testing, clinical screening should be conducted using the history, physical exam, the electrocardiogram and the echocardiogram in adolescent patients aged 12 to 18 who are first degree relatives of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Because HCM can have a delayed age of onset, individuals over the age of 18 with an affected first degree relative should have screening every 5 years. Unless the child is engaged in extremely competitive sports or has an aggressive family history of HCM with premature death, screening is generally not recommended in children under the age of 12. | |||
==Follow-Up of Patients Who Have Been Diagnosed with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy== | |||
These patients are re-evaluated every 12 to 18 months. | |||
==Screening for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy== | |||
* Screening for [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]](HCM) is a controversial subject in the medical community, as HCM is the leading cause of [[sudden death]] in athletes. | * Screening for [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]](HCM) is a controversial subject in the medical community, as HCM is the leading cause of [[sudden death]] in athletes. | ||
* AHA/ACC recommends that family history of the athlete should be sorted for any incidence of sudden death or presence of HCM in any of the family members. | * AHA/ACC recommends that family history of the athlete should be sorted for any incidence of sudden death or presence of HCM in any of the family members. | ||
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*:* Family history | *:* Family history | ||
* Over 3 million competitive athletes are evaluated each year, and athletes judged to be free of cardiovascular disease receive a certificate enabling them to participate in competitive athletics<cite>italyref1</cite> | * Over 3 million competitive athletes are evaluated each year, and athletes judged to be free of cardiovascular disease receive a certificate enabling them to participate in competitive athletics<cite>italyref1</cite> | ||
* In a study done in Italy over a 9-year period (1990-1998), 4450 competitive athletes were screened for HCM. Based on echocardiographic evaluation, 4397 of the athletes were excluded from a clinical diagnosis of HCM | * In a study done in Italy over a 9-year period (1990-1998), 4450 competitive athletes were screened for HCM. Based on echocardiographic evaluation, 4397 of the athletes were excluded from a clinical diagnosis of HCM | ||
*:* 41 of the 4450 athletes showed [[LV]] hypertrophy, with increased wall thicknesses, with four athletes being on the border, with maximal [[LV]] wall thickness of 13 mm | *:* 41 of the 4450 athletes showed [[LV]] hypertrophy, with increased wall thicknesses, with four athletes being on the border, with maximal [[LV]] wall thickness of 13 mm. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 01:07, 22 August 2011
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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Microchapters |
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Differentiating Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy screening On the Web |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy screening |
Editors-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Genetic testing is the diagnostic study of choice to definitively diagnose hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Absent the availability of genetic testing, clinical screening should be conducted using the history, physical exam, the electrocardiogram and the echocardiogram in adolescent patients aged 12 to 18 who are first degree relatives of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Because HCM can have a delayed age of onset, individuals over the age of 18 with an affected first degree relative should have screening every 5 years. Unless the child is engaged in extremely competitive sports or has an aggressive family history of HCM with premature death, screening is generally not recommended in children under the age of 12.
Follow-Up of Patients Who Have Been Diagnosed with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
These patients are re-evaluated every 12 to 18 months.
Screening for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM) is a controversial subject in the medical community, as HCM is the leading cause of sudden death in athletes.
- AHA/ACC recommends that family history of the athlete should be sorted for any incidence of sudden death or presence of HCM in any of the family members.
- If family history is positive, physical examination and echocardiography should be done.
- In Italy, all competitive athletes are required to go through pre-participation screening of HCM
- This particular program has been in existence since 1982, and screening generally includes:
- 12-lead ECG
- General and cardiovascular physical examination, including blood pressure measurements
- Family history
- Over 3 million competitive athletes are evaluated each year, and athletes judged to be free of cardiovascular disease receive a certificate enabling them to participate in competitive athleticsitalyref1
- In a study done in Italy over a 9-year period (1990-1998), 4450 competitive athletes were screened for HCM. Based on echocardiographic evaluation, 4397 of the athletes were excluded from a clinical diagnosis of HCM