Aortic stenosis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Prevalence== | ==Prevalence== | ||
Aortic '''''stenosis''''' is a common problem found predominantly in middle age to older adults. Less than 1% of all live births exhibit symptoms of severe aortic stenosis. | Aortic '''''stenosis''''' is a common problem found predominantly in middle age to older adults. Less than 1% of all live births exhibit symptoms of severe aortic stenosis. The prevalence of aortic stenosis increases with age. Approximately 2% of people over the age of 65, 3% of people over age 75, and 4% of people over age 85 have the disorder. In North America and Europe, a linear relationship exists between an aging population and an increase in aortic stenosis. | ||
Aortic valve '''''sclerosis''''' (aortic valve thickening and calcification without pressure gradient) affects about one fourth of adults over 65 years of age. There is an increased prevalence of both stenosis and sclerosis with aging (4% and 48% respectively in those over 85 years). | Aortic valve '''''sclerosis''''' (aortic valve thickening and calcification without pressure gradient) affects about one fourth of adults over 65 years of age. There is an increased prevalence of both stenosis and sclerosis with aging (4% and 48% respectively in those over 85 years). | ||
In the Euro Heart Survey on [[Valvular Heart Disease]], | ==Frequency of Underlying Causes of Aortic Stenosis== | ||
In the Euro Heart Survey on [[Valvular Heart Disease]], the etiology of aortic stenosis was: | |||
#[[Degenerative]]-calcific 81.9% | |||
#[[Rheumatic]] 11.2% | |||
#[[Congenital]] 5.6% | |||
#Post-[[endocarditis]] 1.3% | |||
Among the 512 aortic stenosis patients who underwent valve replacement, 54,3% were elderly (more than 70 years), 80% had a preserved left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular [[ejection fraction]] >60%) and 85% had symptoms of [[heart failure]] ([[NYHA]] class II-IV) <ref name="pmid12831818">{{cite journal| author=Iung B, Baron G, Butchart EG, Delahaye F, Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Levang OW et al.| title=A prospective survey of patients with valvular heart disease in Europe: The Euro Heart Survey on Valvular Heart Disease. | journal=Eur Heart J | year= 2003 | volume= 24 | issue= 13 | pages= 1231-43 | pmid=12831818 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12831818 }} </ref>. | |||
In the Cardiovascular Health Study, the Doppler echocardiographic examination performed in 5621 subjects older than 65 year without prevalent cardiovascular disease at entry identified an aortic sclerosis (valve thickening and iperreflectivity) in 29% of overall population and an aortic stenosis (valve abnormalities and instantaneous pressure gradient >25 mmHg) in 2% <ref name="pmid9060903">{{cite journal| author=Stewart BF, Siscovick D, Lind BK, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, Smith VE et al.| title=Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovascular Health Study. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 1997 | volume= 29 | issue= 3 | pages= 630-4 | pmid=9060903 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9060903 }} </ref>. | In the Cardiovascular Health Study, the Doppler echocardiographic examination performed in 5621 subjects older than 65 year without prevalent cardiovascular disease at entry identified an aortic sclerosis (valve thickening and iperreflectivity) in 29% of overall population and an aortic stenosis (valve abnormalities and instantaneous pressure gradient >25 mmHg) in 2% <ref name="pmid9060903">{{cite journal| author=Stewart BF, Siscovick D, Lind BK, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, Smith VE et al.| title=Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovascular Health Study. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 1997 | volume= 29 | issue= 3 | pages= 630-4 | pmid=9060903 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9060903 }} </ref>. | ||
Revision as of 00:21, 9 April 2012
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Aortic Stenosis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Percutaneous Aortic Balloon Valvotomy (PABV) or Aortic Valvuloplasty |
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Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) |
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Case Studies |
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Aortic stenosis epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Aortic stenosis epidemiology and demographics |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Aortic stenosis epidemiology and demographics |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Aortic stenosis epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [2]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]
Overview
Aortic stenosis is a major health problem primarily affecting older adults. As North American and European populations continue to live longer, aortic stenosis has major public health implications. The abnormalities of aortic valve morphology and function represent the most common cardiac-valve lesion in the elderly. The etiology of aortic stenosis is degenerative-calcific in the majority of patients.
Prevalence
Aortic stenosis is a common problem found predominantly in middle age to older adults. Less than 1% of all live births exhibit symptoms of severe aortic stenosis. The prevalence of aortic stenosis increases with age. Approximately 2% of people over the age of 65, 3% of people over age 75, and 4% of people over age 85 have the disorder. In North America and Europe, a linear relationship exists between an aging population and an increase in aortic stenosis.
Aortic valve sclerosis (aortic valve thickening and calcification without pressure gradient) affects about one fourth of adults over 65 years of age. There is an increased prevalence of both stenosis and sclerosis with aging (4% and 48% respectively in those over 85 years).
Frequency of Underlying Causes of Aortic Stenosis
In the Euro Heart Survey on Valvular Heart Disease, the etiology of aortic stenosis was:
- Degenerative-calcific 81.9%
- Rheumatic 11.2%
- Congenital 5.6%
- Post-endocarditis 1.3%
Among the 512 aortic stenosis patients who underwent valve replacement, 54,3% were elderly (more than 70 years), 80% had a preserved left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction >60%) and 85% had symptoms of heart failure (NYHA class II-IV) [1].
In the Cardiovascular Health Study, the Doppler echocardiographic examination performed in 5621 subjects older than 65 year without prevalent cardiovascular disease at entry identified an aortic sclerosis (valve thickening and iperreflectivity) in 29% of overall population and an aortic stenosis (valve abnormalities and instantaneous pressure gradient >25 mmHg) in 2% [2].
Aortic Valve Replacement
The number of the aortic valve replacement procedures performed over the last 10 years has increased. Mitral valve surgery was constant during the same period [3].
Incidence
The incidence of aortic stenosis is correlated to the age of the patient, primarily affecting older adults. Every year, approximately 29% of people older than 65 years and 37% of people older than 75 years become symptomatic of aortic stenosis.
Sources
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1550260/
References
- ↑ Iung B, Baron G, Butchart EG, Delahaye F, Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Levang OW; et al. (2003). "A prospective survey of patients with valvular heart disease in Europe: The Euro Heart Survey on Valvular Heart Disease". Eur Heart J. 24 (13): 1231–43. PMID 12831818.
- ↑ Stewart BF, Siscovick D, Lind BK, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, Smith VE; et al. (1997). "Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovascular Health Study". J Am Coll Cardiol. 29 (3): 630–4. PMID 9060903.
- ↑ Passik CS, Ackermann DM, Pluth JR, Edwards WD (1987). "Temporal changes in the causes of aortic stenosis: a surgical pathologic study of 646 cases". Mayo Clin Proc. 62 (2): 119–23. PMID 3807436.