Left atrial enlargement electrocardiogram: Difference between revisions
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==EKG in Left Atrial Enlargement== | ==EKG in Left Atrial Enlargement== | ||
'''1.''' [[LA enlargement]]: [[Left atrial enlargement]] produces a broad, bifid [[P wave]] in lead II ('''P mitrale''') and enlarges the terminal negative portion of the P wave in VI. | |||
In '''lead I and/or II''' following may be seen: | |||
*Bifid [[P wave]] with > 40 ms between the two peaks | |||
*Total [[P wave]] duration > 110 ms | |||
[[Image:P mitrale.gif|200px]] | |||
In '''lead V1''', the following may be seen: | |||
*Biphasic [[P wave]] with terminal negative portion > 40 ms duration (>0.04 sec or 1 small square) | |||
*Biphasic [[P wave]] with terminal negative portion > 1mm deep | |||
[[Image:LAE-v1.png|Left atrial enlargement as seen in lead V1|400px]] | |||
==Examples of Left Atrial Enlargement on EKG== | |||
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Revision as of 19:11, 15 April 2012
| Left atrial enlargement electrocardiogram | ||
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| eMedicine | med/ | |
| MeSH | [1] | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]
Overview
Left atrial enlargement may be observed among patients with pressure or volume overload of the left atrium.
Differential Diagnosis of Left Atrial Enlargement
- Atrial aneurysm
- Infective endocarditis
- Left heart failure
- Mitral regurgitation
- Mitral stenosis
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Myxedema
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Ventricular septal defect
EKG in Left Atrial Enlargement
1. LA enlargement: Left atrial enlargement produces a broad, bifid P wave in lead II (P mitrale) and enlarges the terminal negative portion of the P wave in VI.
In lead I and/or II following may be seen:
In lead V1, the following may be seen:
- Biphasic P wave with terminal negative portion > 40 ms duration (>0.04 sec or 1 small square)
- Biphasic P wave with terminal negative portion > 1mm deep
Examples of Left Atrial Enlargement on EKG
-
Left atrial enlargement -
12 lead EKG: Left atrial enlargement
-
Left atrial enlargement as seen in lead V1. -
Left atrial enlargement, a 12 lead ECG
Chest X-ray in Left Atrial Enlargement
In general;
- Double density sign: Occur when the right side of the left atrium pushes into the adjacent lung.
- Convex left atria appendage: usually reflect prior rheumatic heart disease
- Splaying of the carina
- Posterior displacement of the left main stem bronchus on lateral radiograph
- Superior displacement of the left main stem bronchus on frontal view
- Posterior displacement of a barium filled esophagus
Images shown below are courtesy of RadsWiki and copylefted.
-
Double density sign -
Same patient & the same image. Double density sign. Image's modified for more contrast and better visualization.
