Demeclocycline

Demeclocycline

File:Demeclocycline structure.svg
Clinical data
Pregnancy category	D US
Routes of administration	Oral 150 mg/300 mg
ATC code	D06AA01 (WHO) J01AA01 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	41-50%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	10-17 hours
Identifiers
IUPAC name 2-(amino-hydroxy-methylidene)- 7-chloro-4-dimethylamino- 6,10,11,12a-tetrahydroxy-4, 4a,5,5a,6,12a- hexahydrotetracene-1,3,12-trione
CAS Number	127-33-3
PubChem CID	5311063
DrugBank	APRD00272
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C21H21ClN2O8
Molar mass	464.853 g/mol

WikiDoc Resources for Demeclocycline
Articles
Most recent articles on Demeclocycline Most cited articles on Demeclocycline Review articles on Demeclocycline Articles on Demeclocycline in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Demeclocycline Images of Demeclocycline Photos of Demeclocycline Podcasts & MP3s on Demeclocycline Videos on Demeclocycline
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Demeclocycline Bandolier on Demeclocycline TRIP on Demeclocycline
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Demeclocycline at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Demeclocycline Clinical Trials on Demeclocycline at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Demeclocycline NICE Guidance on Demeclocycline NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Demeclocycline CDC on Demeclocycline
Books
Books on Demeclocycline
News
Demeclocycline in the news Be alerted to news on Demeclocycline News trends on Demeclocycline
Commentary
Blogs on Demeclocycline
Definitions
Definitions of Demeclocycline
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Demeclocycline Discussion groups on Demeclocycline Patient Handouts on Demeclocycline Directions to Hospitals Treating Demeclocycline Risk calculators and risk factors for Demeclocycline
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Demeclocycline Causes & Risk Factors for Demeclocycline Diagnostic studies for Demeclocycline Treatment of Demeclocycline
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Demeclocycline
International
Demeclocycline en Espanol Demeclocycline en Francais
Business
Demeclocycline in the Marketplace Patents on Demeclocycline
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Demeclocycline

Demeclocycline (marketed as Declomycin, Declostatin and Ledermycin) is a member of the tetracycline antibiotics group used in various types of bacterial infections. One of its other registered uses is the treatment of hyponatremia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective. It is derived from the Streptomyces aureofaciens fungal strain.

Mode of action

Its use as an antibiotic is particularly in Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis. Resistance is gradually becoming more common. As with related tetracycline antibiotics, demeclocycline acts by binding to the 30S- and 50S-RNA, which impairs protein synthesis by bacteria. It is therefore bacteriostatic (it impairs bacterial growth but does not kill bacteria directly). Demeclocycline is rarely used for infections.

The use in SIADH actually relies on a side-effect of tetracycline antibiotics; many may cause diabetes insipidus (dehydration due to the inability to concentrate urine). It is not completely understood why demeclocycline impairs the action of antidiuretic hormone, but it is thought that it blocks the binding of the hormone to its receptor.

Side-effects and interactions

These are similar to other tetracyclines. Hypersensitivity may occur. Skin reactions with sunlight have been reported.

Contraindications

As other tetracyclines, demeclocycline is contraindicated in children and pregnant or nursing women. All members of this class interfere with bone development and may discolour teeth. Tetracyclines bind with cations such as calcium and magnesium and becomes insoluble and inabsorbable for the GI tract. Tetracyclines should not be given with milk or antacids.