Endometrial cancer differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shankar Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]]

Diiferentiating Endometrial cancer from other Diseases

• Endometrial hyperplasia - A post menopausal female will have same clinical history and examination making this condition indistinguishable from cancer. Biopsy is the only way to tell them apart.
• Endometrial polyp - Usually asymptomatic, but even if symptomatic, history is the same as cancer. Transvaginal ultrasound and saline infusion hysterosalpinogram can demonstrate the polyp.
• Endometriosis - Common in pre-menopausal females; typical features like pelvic pain, dyspareunia and nodularity of utero-sacral ligament are present; Ultrasound will demonstrate endometrioma
• Cervical cancer - patient is younger, without a history of prior Pap smear, presenting with post-coital bleeding and an exophytic growth; colposcopy and biopsy to establish the diagnosis.
• Pyometria - typical history would be a febrile patient with recent cervical surgery with an enlarged, tender uterus; Ultrasound will demonstrate fluid inside the uterus.
• Uterine sarcomas