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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
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| ==Anatomy==
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| {{#ev:youtube|D58eufx-_4Q}}
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| '''Normal Heart'''
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| *Normally, the morphologic [[right atrium]] ([[RA]]) is connected to a morphologic [[right ventricle]] ([[RV]]). The morphologic [[left atrium]] ([[LA]]) is connected to the morphologic [[left ventricle]] ([[LV]]). This is called '''atrio-ventricular concordance'''.
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| *In a normal heart, the great arteries ([[aorta]] and [[pulmonary arteries]]) are concordant with the morphologic [[LV]] and [[RV]]. This is termed '''ventriculo-arterial concordance'''.
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| *In addition, the aorta and pulmonary trunk ascend in a '''spiral''' relationship.
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| '''Transposition of the great vessels'''
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| *In the TGA the [[aorta]] arises from the morphologic [[right ventricle]] via a subaortic infundibulum and the [[pulmonary artery]] arises from the morphologic [[left ventricle]], without a subpulmonary infundibulum. These ventriculoarterial connection is known as '''ventriculoarterial discordance'''. As a consequence, there is a a fibrous continuity between the mitral and [[pulmonary valve]], but no continuity between the [[tricuspid]] and [[aortic valve]].
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| *The abnormal origin of the great arteries results in an altered spiral relationship. Therefore, the aorta and pulmonary artery run parallel to each other
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| *In normal heart thus the circulation is in series. However, in transposition of the great vessels circulation is in parallel
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| '''dextro-Transposition of the great vessels'''
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| *'''d-TGA''' is also referred to as '''complete''' or '''uncorrected''' transposition of the great arteries identifying the ''single discordance'' between ventricles and great arteries
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| '''levo-Transposition of the great vessels'''
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| *'''l-TGA''' is referred to as '''congenitally corrected transposition''', identifying a ''double discordance'' (atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial).
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| ==References== | | ==References== |