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==Physical examination==
==Physical examination==
During a physical examination, a clinician may find:
===Vitals===
* ECG shows enlargement of the right ventricle
====Pulse====
* X-ray of the chest may show signs of other birth defects
* Poor peripheral pulses
* A need for an echocardiogram to further determine enlargement of the ventricles
* A need for cardiac catheterization to better map potential hemodynamic imbalances


==Associated cardiac abnormalities==
====Respiratory rate====
* Anomalous pulmonary venous connection
* Tachypnea
* Coarctation of the aorta
* Complete atrioventricular canal
* Coronary artery abnormalities (especially in patients with aortic atresia and mitral stenosis)
* Persistent left superior vena cava
* Endocardial fibroelastosis (especially in patients with aortic atresia and mitral stenosis)


===Heart===
* Single second heart sound which is loud reflecting absence of aortic valve with pulmonary hypertension.
===Abdomen===
Hepatomegaly
===Extremities===
* Cool extremities
* cyanosis
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Revision as of 22:48, 14 October 2012

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.[2], Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3], Keri Shafer, M.D. [4]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S.[5]

Overview

A physical examination is an integral part of diagnosing hypoplastic left heart syndrome. During a routine visit, a doctor may find signs of right ventricle enlargement, presence of additional birth defects, and hemodynamic imbalances.

Physical examination

Vitals

Pulse

  • Poor peripheral pulses

Respiratory rate

  • Tachypnea

Heart

  • Single second heart sound which is loud reflecting absence of aortic valve with pulmonary hypertension.

Abdomen

Hepatomegaly

Extremities

  • Cool extremities
  • cyanosis

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

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