Carotid artery stenosis risk factors

Carotid artery stenosis Microchapters
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Selection of Patients for Carotid Revascularization
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Management of Patients Undergoing Carotid Artery Stenting
Restenosis After Carotid Endarterectomy or Stenting
Vascular Imaging in Patients With Vertebral Artery Disease
Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients With Vertebral Artery Disease
Occlusive Disease of the Subclavian and Brachiocephalic Arteries
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Risk factors for carotid artery stenosis are almost similar to those for cerebrovascular accident (CVA), coronary heart disease (ACS) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Common risk factors include hypertension, smoking, advanced age and abnormal cholesterol levels including lowered HDL levels in the blood.

Risk Factors

Risk factors for carotid artery stenosis include:

• Age - older age (>65 yrs) is associated with an increased risk
• Male gender
• Hypertension - blood pressure more than 140/90 mm Hg is a risk factor for carotid artery stenosis and should ideally be maintained below 140/90.
• Smoking
• Abnormal cholesterol levels - Low HDL and high LDL cholesterol
• Diabetes
• Obesity - increases the risk of development of atherosclerosis and hypertension
• Insulin resistance
• Alcohol abuse

• Cocaine abuse
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Positive family history for atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, stroke and carotid artery stenosis
• A diet high in saturated fatty acids