Toxic shock syndrome overview

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Toxic shock syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal disease caused by a bacterial toxin. Different bacterial toxins may cause toxic shock syndrome, depending on the situation. The causative agents are the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Streptococcal TSS is sometimes referred to as Toxic Shock Like Syndrome (TSLS). http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/toxicshock_t.htm

Causes

Toxic shock syndrome is caused by a toxin produced by certain types of Staphylococcus bacteria. A similar syndrome, called toxic shock-like syndrome (TSLS), can be caused by Streptococcal bacteria.

Risk Factors

Menstruating women, women using barrier contraceptive devices, persons who have undergone nasal surgery, and persons with postoperative staphylococcal wound infections are the most important risk factors for toxic shock syndrome. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/toxicshock_t.htm

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