Amnesia history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 42: | Line 42: | ||
Whether an individual suffers from memory loss is not solely decided based on symptoms. In order to diagnose the condition, a doctor will obtain a detailed medical history of the patient. | Whether an individual suffers from memory loss is not solely decided based on symptoms. In order to diagnose the condition, a doctor will obtain a detailed medical history of the patient. | ||
===Anterograde Amnesia=== | |||
Anterograde amnesiacs suffer differing degrees of impairment to different types of memories. Patients can often learn and remember ''how'' to do a new physical skill (e.g., playing the guitar, learning the words to a new song and then singing them, etc.) but not remember ''when'' they learned it. Such "how-to", motor skill learning ([[procedural memory]]) and its attendant behavioural conditioning and priming are collectively known as [[declarative memory|non-declarative memory]], which appears to be unaffected by anterograde amnesia. | |||
However, the condition tends to impair both [[episodic memory]] (the memory of events) and [[semantic memory]] (the memory of facts and general knowledge). For the most part, patients are unable to make new semantic or episodic memories. Yet the research at this time conflicts enough that consensus on this point has not been reached: some patients appear able to create new semantic memories, and young children with anterograde amnesia seem to have semantic learning capabilities similar to non-amnesiacs. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 14:05, 15 February 2013
|
Amnesia Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Amnesia history and symptoms On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Amnesia history and symptoms |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Amnesia history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.
Overview
It is critical to perform a formal and exhaustive assessment of the patient to look for any indications of memory disorders and to hear any subjective complaints. With this information, preventative measures and care can be specifically addressed to the patient's needs.
History
Medical history questions may include:
- Type
- Can the person remember recent events (is there impaired short-term memory)?
- Can the person remember events from further in the past (is there impaired long-term memory)?
- Is there a loss of memory about events that occurred before a specific experience (anterograde amnesia)?
- Is there a loss of memory about events that occurred soon after a specific experience (retrograde amnesia)?
- Is there only a minimal loss of memory?
- Does the person make up stories to cover gaps in memory (confabulation)?
- Is the person suffering from low moods that impair concentration?
- Time pattern
- Has the memory loss been getting worse over the years?
- Has the memory loss been developing over weeks or months?
- Is the memory loss present all the time or are there distinct episodes of amnesia?
- If there are amnesia episodes, how long do they last?
- Aggravating or triggering factors
- Has there been a head injury in the recent past?
- Has the person experienced an event that was emotionally traumatic?
- Has there been a surgery or procedure requiring general anesthesia?
- Does the person use alcohol? How much?
- Does the person use illicit drugs? How much? What type?
- Other symptoms
- What other symptoms does the person have?
- Is the person confused or disoriented?
- Can they independently eat, dress, and perform similar self-care activities?
- Have they had seizures?
Symptoms
Symptoms of memory loss vary from person to person, but can include: forgetting dates and names; beginning a task but then forgetting the purpose of it; getting lost easily; repeating things over and over again, sometimes in the same conversation; and having difficulties performing familiar tasks such as driving or baking. Symptoms usually occur gradually and may vary in intensity depending on the cause of the condition.
Confusion or decreased alertness may be the first symptom of memory loss and may indicate a serious illness, particularly in older adults. Some patients may have problems mixing up or remembering words for objects or can have trouble understanding or taking part in a conversation. Being unable to make a simple decision can suggest that something is not working as it should and medical advice should be sought.
Whether an individual suffers from memory loss is not solely decided based on symptoms. In order to diagnose the condition, a doctor will obtain a detailed medical history of the patient.
Anterograde Amnesia
Anterograde amnesiacs suffer differing degrees of impairment to different types of memories. Patients can often learn and remember how to do a new physical skill (e.g., playing the guitar, learning the words to a new song and then singing them, etc.) but not remember when they learned it. Such "how-to", motor skill learning (procedural memory) and its attendant behavioural conditioning and priming are collectively known as non-declarative memory, which appears to be unaffected by anterograde amnesia.
However, the condition tends to impair both episodic memory (the memory of events) and semantic memory (the memory of facts and general knowledge). For the most part, patients are unable to make new semantic or episodic memories. Yet the research at this time conflicts enough that consensus on this point has not been reached: some patients appear able to create new semantic memories, and young children with anterograde amnesia seem to have semantic learning capabilities similar to non-amnesiacs.