Pyelonephritis risk factors: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
Ochuko Ajari (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Risk is increased in the following situations:<ref>{{cite journal |author=Scholes D, Hooton TM, Roberts PL, Gupta K, Stapleton AE, Stamm WE |title=Risk factors associated with acute pyelonephritis in healthy women |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=142 |issue=1 |pages=20-7 |year=2005 |pmid=15630106 |doi=}}</ref> | Risk is increased in the following situations:<ref>{{cite journal |author=Scholes D, Hooton TM, Roberts PL, Gupta K, Stapleton AE, Stamm WE |title=Risk factors associated with acute pyelonephritis in healthy women |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=142 |issue=1 |pages=20-7 |year=2005 |pmid=15630106 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
Line 27: | Line 25: | ||
[[Category:Inflammations]] | [[Category:Inflammations]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Primary care]] | |||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} |
Revision as of 16:37, 8 March 2013
Pyelonephritis Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Pyelonephritis risk factors On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Pyelonephritis risk factors |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Pyelonephritis risk factors |
Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Risk Factors
Risk is increased in the following situations:[1]
- Mechanical: any structural abnormalities to the kidneys and the urinary tract, calculi (kidney stones), urinary tract catheterisation, urinary tract stents or drainage procedures (e.g. nephrostomy), pregnancy, neuropathic bladder (e.g. due to spinal cord damage, spina bifida or multiple sclerosis) and prostate disease (e.g. benign prostatic hyperplasia) in men
- Constitutional: diabetes mellitus, immunocompromised states
- Behavioural: change in sexual partner within the last year, spermicide use
- Positive family history (close family members with frequent urine
- Young women are most likely to be affected, traditionally reflecting sexual activity in that age group.
- Infants and the elderly are also at increased risk, reflecting anatomical abnormalities and hormonal status.[2]
- Urine can also back up, or reflux, into one or both kidneys. This problem, which is called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), happens when the valve mechanism that normally prevents backward flow of urine is not working properly. VUR is most commonly diagnosed during childhood.
- Pregnant women and people with diabetes or a weakened immune system are also at increased risk of pyelonephritis.
References
- ↑ Scholes D, Hooton TM, Roberts PL, Gupta K, Stapleton AE, Stamm WE (2005). "Risk factors associated with acute pyelonephritis in healthy women". Ann. Intern. Med. 142 (1): 20–7. PMID 15630106.
- ↑ Czaja CA, Scholes D, Hooton TM, Stamm WE (2007). "Population-based epidemiologic analysis of acute pyelonephritis". Clin. Infect. Dis. 45 (3): 273–80. doi:10.1086/519268. PMID 17599303.