Hyperventilation syndrome physical examination: Difference between revisions
Farman Khan (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Hyperventilation syndrome}} | |||
{{CMG}}, {{FK}} | |||
==Physical Examination== | |||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | |||
In acute HVS, obvious [[tachypnea] and [[hyperpnea]] are present. In chronic hyperventilation syndrome, rapid or deep breathing is usually not apparent, but the individual may sigh deeply 2 to 3 times a minute. Frequent, sighing respirations and frequent yawning are noted. Characteristically, patients have multiple complaints without much supporting physical evidence of disease. | |||
===Abdomen=== | |||
The upper chest wall may be tender from muscle fatigue. However, this is not a helpful finding, because chest wall tenderness is also found in [[costochondritis]] and in a wide variety of other serious and benign thoracoabdominal diseases. | |||
===Neurologic=== | |||
Manifestations of anxiety such as tremor, mydriasis, pallor, tachycardia can occur. Evidence of depersonalization or hallucination may be noted. | |||
===Other=== | |||
Signs due to electrolyte abnormalities: | Signs due to electrolyte abnormalities: | ||
*Carpopedal spasm: Occurs when Chemical changes associated with decreased carbon dioxide levels may cause involuntary contraction of the hands called carpopedal spasm. | *Carpopedal spasm: Occurs when Chemical changes associated with decreased carbon dioxide levels may cause involuntary contraction of the hands called carpopedal spasm. | ||
| Line 12: | Line 21: | ||
*Wheezing: May be heard because of bronchospasm from hypocarbia. | *Wheezing: May be heard because of bronchospasm from hypocarbia. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Psychiatry]] | |||
[[Category:Primary care]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | |||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
Revision as of 15:31, 12 June 2013
|
Hyperventilation syndrome Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Hyperventilation syndrome from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Hyperventilation syndrome physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyperventilation syndrome physical examination |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyperventilation syndrome physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Farman Khan, MD, MRCP [2]
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
In acute HVS, obvious [[tachypnea] and hyperpnea are present. In chronic hyperventilation syndrome, rapid or deep breathing is usually not apparent, but the individual may sigh deeply 2 to 3 times a minute. Frequent, sighing respirations and frequent yawning are noted. Characteristically, patients have multiple complaints without much supporting physical evidence of disease.
Abdomen
The upper chest wall may be tender from muscle fatigue. However, this is not a helpful finding, because chest wall tenderness is also found in costochondritis and in a wide variety of other serious and benign thoracoabdominal diseases.
Neurologic
Manifestations of anxiety such as tremor, mydriasis, pallor, tachycardia can occur. Evidence of depersonalization or hallucination may be noted.
Other
Signs due to electrolyte abnormalities:
- Carpopedal spasm: Occurs when Chemical changes associated with decreased carbon dioxide levels may cause involuntary contraction of the hands called carpopedal spasm.
- Chvostek or Trousseau signs: May be positive because of low calcium levels.
- Wheezing: May be heard because of bronchospasm from hypocarbia.