Leg ulcer: Difference between revisions

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	Leg ulcer;
	Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: Gross view of thighs and legs at autopsy ecchymoses with central necrosis and ulceration looks like pyoderma gangrenosum. ; Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

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Revision as of 14:45, 19 July 2013

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Leg ulcers usually refer to ulcers of the lower leg. The most common cause of leg ulcers is venous insufficiency.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Allergic vasculitis, anemia, aneurysm, angiosarcoma, fibromuscular dysplasia, arterial insufficiency, arterial thrombosis, arterio-venous malformation, arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous malformation, atheroma, atherosclerosis, cholesterol embolism, venous insufficiency, Churg-Strauss syndrome, congestive heart failure, deep vein thrombosis, dehydration, diabetes mellitus, embolism, heart failure, hypertension, hypotension, hypothermia, kaposi's sarcoma, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, livedoid vasculopathy, lymphangitis, lymphatic obstruction, lymphatic vessel dysplasia, lymphedema, peripheral artery disease, polyarteritis nodosa, polyarteritis, post-thrombotic syndrome, raynaud's syndrome, sepsis , septic emboli, thromboangiitis obliterans, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, varicose veins, vasculitis, venous valvular incompetence, Wegener's granulomatosis
Chemical/Poisoning	Arsenic
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Actinic keratosis, advanced age, allergic vasculitis, amebiasis cutis, contact dermatitis, continuous trauma, Crohn's disease, decubitus ulcer, ecthyma, erysipelas, erythema induratum of bazin, filariasis, furuncle, glanders, herpes simplex, incontinence, keratoacanthoma, lymphoma ulcers, madura foot, melanoma, acquired perforating dermatosis, porphyria cutanea tarda, prolonged immobilization, radiation dermatitis, sporotrichosis, squamous cell carcinoma, ulcerative colitis, xeroderma pigmentosum
Drug Side Effect	Coumarin, ergotamine, cytostatic agents, halogens, hydroxyurea, leflunomide, methotrexate, penicillin, plasmin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tissue plasminogen activator
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Diabetes mellitus, necrobiosis lipoidica
Environmental	Burns, cold injury, contact dermatitis, heat, ionizing radiation, radiodermatitis
Gastroenterologic	Crohn's disease, incontinence, ulcerative colitis
Genetic	Fibromuscular dysplasia, factor V Leiden mutation, gaucher's disease, hereditary spherocytosis, klinefelter syndrome, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, lymphatic vessel dysplasia, prolidase deficiency, tap1 mutation, thalassaemia, xeroderma pigmentosum
Hematologic	Activated protein C resistance, anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome, antithrombin III deficiency, blood clot, cryoglobulinemia, deep vein thrombosis , dysproteinemia, essential thrombocythemia, factor V Leiden mutation, factor XIII deficiency, felty's syndrome, granulocytopenia, hereditary spherocytosis, langerhans cell histiocytosis, leukemia, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, lupus anticoagulant, macroglobulinemia, myelodysplasia, plasmin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, polyclonal dysproteinemia, polycythemia, polycythemia vera, primary polycythemia, primary thrombocythemia, protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, purpura, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,tissue plasminogen activator
Iatrogenic	Calcinosis cutis, cytostatic agents, radiodermatitis, vaccinations
Infectious Disease	Actinomycosis, amoebiasis cutis, amoebiasis, anthrax, bacillary angiomatosis, bacterial infection, bacteroides, blastomycosis, borrelia vincenti, cellulitis, coccidiomycosis, cold agglutinin disease, diphtheria, ecthyma gangrenosum , ecthyma, erysipelas, fasciitis necroticans , filariasis, folliculitis, francisella tularensis, furuncle, gas gangrene , glanders, granuloma inguinale, haemophilus ducreyi, herpes simplex, histoplasmosis, kala-azar, leishmaniasis, leprosy, lues maligna, lymphangitis, madura foot, mycobacterium ulcerans, mycosis fungoides, osteomyelitis, papillomatosis cutis carcinoides, poliomyelitis, rodent ulcer, sepsis , septic emboli, sporotrichosis, syphilis, tinea pedis, tropical ulcer, tuberculosis, tularemia, ulcerative pyoderma, variola virus, vasculitis, yaws
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Badly united fractures, bone fractures
Neurologic	Alcoholic neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction, dementia, diabetic neuropathy, hemiplegia, infantile cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, neuropathy, spina bifida, spinal cord injury, spinal cord lesions, syringomyelia
Nutritional/Metabolic	Calcinosis cutis, calciphylaxis, gout, hyperhomocysteinemia, malnutrition, necrobiosis lipoidica, porphyria cutanea tarda,starvation
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Angiosarcoma, basal cell carcinoma, cold agglutinin disease, cutaneous lymphoma, leukemia, lymphoma ulcers, macroglobulinemia, marjolin's ulcer, melanoma, metastatic tumours, sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	Delirium
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	Calciphylaxis, incontinence
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Rheumatoid arthritis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Continuous trauma, bone fractures, lower limb nerve injury, marjolin's ulcer, shearing forces, spinal cord injury
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Amyloidosis, artefacts, decubitus ulcer, factitious ulceration, friction, low weight, marjolin's ulcer, moisture in the form of perspiration, feces, or urine, papulosis maligna atrophicans, prolonged immobilization, sarcoidosis, spider bites

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Essential thrombocythemia
Extravasated cytostatic agents
Factitious ulceration
Factor V Leiden mutation
Factor XIII deficiency
Fasciitis necroticans
Felty's syndrome
Filariasis
Folliculitis
Franciscella tularensis
Friction
Furuncle
Gas gangrene
Gaucher's disease
Glanders
Gout
Granulocytopenia
Granuloma inguinale
Halogens
Heart failure
Heat
Hemiplegia
Haemophilus ducreyi
Hereditary spherocytosis
Herpes simplex
Histoplasmosis
Hydroxyurea
Hyperhomocysteinemia
Hypertension
Hypotension
Hypothermia
Incontinence
Infantile cerebral palsy
Ionizing radiation
Kala-azar
Kaposi's sarcoma
Keratoacanthoma
Klinefelter syndrome
Lack of exercise
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Leflunomide
Leishmaniasis
Leprosy
Leukemia
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Livedoid vasculopathy
Low weight
Lower limb fractures
Lower limb nerve injury
Lues maligna
Lupus anticoagulant
Lupus erythematosus
Lymphangitis
Lymphatic obstruction
Lymphatic vessel dysplasia
Lymphedema
Lymphoma ulcers
Macroglobulinemia
Madura foot
Malnutrition
Marjolin's ulcer
Melanoma
Metastatic tumours
Methotrexate
Moisture in the form of perspiration, feces, or urine
Multiple sclerosis
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Mycosis fungoides
Myelodysplasia

Differential diagnosis of leg ulcer

References

↑ "Differential diagnosis of leg ulcers - Dissemond - 2006 - JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft - Wiley Online Library". Retrieved 12 July 2013.
↑ "http://www.health.wa.gov.au/woundswest/docs/WPR_Nov09_Atypical_Leg_Ulcers.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 12 July 2013. External link in |title= (help)
↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

Template:WH Template:WS

[1] "Differential diagnosis of leg ulcers - Dissemond - 2006 - JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft - Wiley Online Library". Retrieved 12 July 2013.

[2] "http://www.health.wa.gov.au/woundswest/docs/WPR_Nov09_Atypical_Leg_Ulcers.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 12 July 2013. External link in |title= (help)

[3] Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016

[4] Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

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@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 {|style="width:82%; height:100px" border="1"
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Allergic vasculitis]], [[anemia]], [[aneurysm]], [[angiosarcoma]], [[fibromuscular dysplasia]], [[arterial insufficiency]], [[arterial thrombosis]], [[arterio-venous malformation]], [[arteriovenous fistula]], [[arteriovenous malformation]], [[atheroma]], [[atherosclerosis]], [[cholesterol embolism]], [[venous insufficiency]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[deep vein thrombosis]], [[dehydration]], [[diabetes mellitus]], [[embolism]], [[heart failure]], [[hypertension]], [[hypotension]], [[hypothermia]], [[kaposi's sarcoma]], [[leukocytoclastic vasculitis]], [[livedoid vasculopathy]], [[lymphangitis]], [[lymphatic obstruction]], lymphatic vessel [[dysplasia]], [[lymphedema]], [[peripheral artery disease]], [[polyarteritis nodosa]], [[polyarteritis]], [[post thrombotic syndrome]], [[raynaud's syndrome]], [[sepsis ]], [[septic emboli]], [[thromboangiitis obliterans]], [[thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]], [[varicose veins]], [[vasculitis]], venous [[dysplasia]], [[venous valvular incompetence]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Allergic vasculitis]], [[anemia]], [[aneurysm]], [[angiosarcoma]], [[fibromuscular dysplasia]], [[arterial insufficiency]], [[arterial thrombosis]], [[arterio-venous malformation]], [[arteriovenous fistula]], [[arteriovenous malformation]], [[atheroma]], [[atherosclerosis]], [[cholesterol embolism]], [[venous insufficiency]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[deep vein thrombosis]], [[dehydration]], [[diabetes mellitus]], [[embolism]], [[heart failure]], [[hypertension]], [[hypotension]], [[hypothermia]], [[kaposi's sarcoma]], [[leukocytoclastic vasculitis]], [[livedoid vasculopathy]], [[lymphangitis]], [[lymphatic obstruction]], lymphatic vessel [[dysplasia]], [[lymphedema]], [[peripheral artery disease]], [[polyarteritis nodosa]], [[polyarteritis]], [[post-thrombotic syndrome]], [[raynaud's syndrome]], [[sepsis ]], [[septic emboli]], [[thromboangiitis obliterans]], [[thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]], [[varicose veins]], [[vasculitis]], [[venous valvular incompetence]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Coumarin]], [[ergotamine]], extravasated [[Chemotherapy | cytostatic agents]], [[halogens]], [[hydroxyurea]], [[leflunomide]], [[methotrexate]], [[penicillin]], [[plasmin]], [[plasminogen activator inhibitor-1]], [[tissue plasminogen activator]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Coumarin]], [[ergotamine]], [[Chemotherapy | cytostatic agents]], [[halogens]], [[hydroxyurea]], [[leflunomide]], [[methotrexate]], [[penicillin]], [[plasmin]], [[plasminogen activator inhibitor-1]], [[tissue plasminogen activator]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 58: / Line 58: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Environmental'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Burns]], [[cold injury]], [[contact dermatitis]], [[heat]], [[ionizing radiation]], radiation [[dermatitis]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Burns]], [[cold injury]], [[contact dermatitis]], [[heat]], [[ionizing radiation]], [[radiodermatitis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 66: / Line 66: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Genetic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Fibromuscular dysplasia]], [[factor V Leiden mutation]], [[gaucher's disease]], [[hereditary spherocytosis]], [[klinefelter syndrome]], [[leukocyte adhesion deficiency]], lymphatic vessel [[dysplasia]], [[prolidase deficiency]], [[tap1 mutation]], [[thalassaemia]], venous [[dysplasia]], [[xeroderma pigmentosum]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Fibromuscular dysplasia]], [[factor V Leiden mutation]], [[gaucher's disease]], [[hereditary spherocytosis]], [[klinefelter syndrome]], [[leukocyte adhesion deficiency]], lymphatic vessel [[dysplasia]], [[prolidase deficiency]], [[tap1 mutation]], [[thalassaemia]], [[xeroderma pigmentosum]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 74: / Line 74: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Iatrogenic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Calcinosis cutis]], extravasated [[Chemotherapy | cytostatic agents]], radiation [[dermatitis]],  [[vaccinations]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Calcinosis cutis]], [[Chemotherapy | cytostatic agents]], [[radiodermatitis]],  [[vaccinations]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 82: / Line 82: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| Badly united [[fractures]], lower limb [[fractures]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| Badly united [[fractures]], [[bone fractures]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 130: / Line 130: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Trauma'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| Continuous [[trauma]], lower limb [[fractures]], [[lower limb nerve injury]], [[marjolin's ulcer]], [[shearing forces]], [[spinal cord injury]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| Continuous [[trauma]], [[bone fractures]], [[lower limb nerve injury]], [[marjolin's ulcer]], [[shearing forces]], [[spinal cord injury]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"


Leg ulcer
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: Gross view of thighs and legs at autopsy ecchymoses with central necrosis and ulceration looks like pyoderma gangrenosum. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Leg ulcer: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:45, 19 July 2013

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Differential diagnosis of leg ulcer

References

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