Abdominal aortic aneurysm causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

The most common cause of abdominal aortic aneurysm is atherosclerosis.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

• Abdominal trauma
• Bacteremia
• Gastrointestinal perforation
• Vertebral osteomyelitis

Common Causes

• Abdominal trauma
• Arteritis
• Atherosclerosis
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• Infections
• Marfan syndrome

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Anastomosis, aortic dissection, arteritis, atheroma, atherosclerosis, bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta, coronary artery disease, cystic medial necrosis, endocarditis, heart valve surgery, vasculitis
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Chemotherapy, chronic glucocorticoid therapy
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, appendectomy, cholecystectomy, cholecystitis, cirrhosis, colorectal surgery, diverticulitis, esophageal varices, gastrointestinal endoscopy, gastrointestinal perforation, hemorrhoids, pancreatic pseudocyst
Genetic	Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, arterial tortuosity syndrome, bicuspid aortic valve, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, Marfan syndrome, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Turner's syndrome
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	Appendectomy, cholecystectomy, colorectal surgery, gastrointestinal endoscopy, heart valve surgery, hemodialysis, hip replacement surgery, nerve block, oral surgery, percutaneous access for cardiac catheterization, prior aortic repairs
Infectious Disease	Acinetobacter, arteritis, aspergillus, bacteremia, bacteroides, brucella, burkholderia pseudomallei, campylobacter, candida, clostridium, corynebacterium, coxiella burnetii, cryptococcus, endocarditis, escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, HIV, intravenous drug use, klebsiella, lactococcus cremoris, listeria, melioidosis, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycosis, nonpneumococcal streptococcus, oral surgery, osteomyelitis, periodontal infection, pneumonia, pseudallescheria boydii, pseudomonas, rothia dentocariosa, salmonella, septic embolic, soft tissue infection, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, treponema pallidum, urinary tract infection, vancomycin intermediate staphylococcus aureus, vertebral osteomyelitis, yersinia
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Arterial tortuosity syndrome, hip replacement surgery, osteomyelitis, vertebral osteomyelitis
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	Lipid metabolism disorders
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Malignancies
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Renal / Electrolyte	Hemodialysis, polycystic kidney disease
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Arteritis, giant cell arteritis, immunodeficiency, post-transplant, relapsing polychondritis, Takayasu disease, temporal arteritis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Abdominal trauma, chest trauma, near drowning
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, pseudoaneurysm

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Abdominal trauma
• Acinetobacter
• Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
• Anastomosis
• Aortic dissection
• Appendectomy
• Arterial tortuosity syndrome
• Arteritis
• Aspergillus
• Atheroma
• Atherosclerosis
• Bacteremia
• Bacteroides
• Bicuspid aortic valve
• Brucella
• Burkholderia pseudomallei
• Campylobacter
• Candida
• Chemotherapy
• Chest trauma
• Cholecystectomy
• Cholecystitis
• Chronic glucocorticoid therapy
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Cirrhosis
• Clostridium
• Coarctation of the aorta
• Colorectal surgery
• Coronary artery disease
• Corynebacterium
• Coxiella burnetii

• Cryptococcus
• Cystic medial necrosis
• Diverticulitis
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• Endocarditis
• Escherichia coli
• Esophageal varices
• Gastrointestinal endoscopy
• Gastrointestinal perforation
• Giant cell arteritis
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Heart valve surgery
• Hemodialysis
• Hemorrhoids
• Hip replacement surgery
• HIV
• Immunodeficiency
• Intravenous drug use
• Klebsiella
• Lactococcus cremoris
• Lipid metabolism disorders
• Listeria
• Loey's Dietz syndrome
• Malignancies
• Marfan syndrome
• Melioidosis
• Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Mycosis
• Near drowning
• Nerve block

• Nonpneumococcal streptococcus
• Oral surgery
• Osteomyelitis
• Pancreatic pseudocyst
• Percutaneous access for cardiac catheterization
• Periodontal infection
• Pneumonia
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Post-transplant
• Prior aortic repairs
• Pseudallescheria boydii
• Pseudoaneurysms
• Pseudomonas
• Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
• Relapsing polychondritis
• Rothia dentocariosa
• Salmonella
• Septic embolic
• Soft tissue infection
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Staphylococcus epidermidis
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Takayasu disease
• Temporal arteritis
• Treponema pallidum
• Turner's syndrome
• Urinary tract infection
• Vancomycin intermediate staphylococcus aureus
• Vasculitis
• Vertebral osteomyelitis
• Yersinia