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| ===Life Threatening Causes=== | | ===Life Threatening Causes=== |
| Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. | | Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. |
| *[[Acute coronary syndrome]]
| |
| *[[Diabetic ketoacidosis]] | | *[[Diabetic ketoacidosis]] |
| *[[Digitalis toxicity]] | | *[[Digitalis toxicity]] |
| | *[[Myocardial infarction]] |
| *[[Myocardial rupture]] | | *[[Myocardial rupture]] |
| *[[Organophosphate poisoning]] | | *[[Organophosphate poisoning]] |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Isorhythmic AV dissociation
Overview
Isorhythmic AV dissociation is a AV dissociation initiated by slowing of SA node due to sinus arrhythmia, sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, or sinoatrial block. This allows an independent ventricular pacemaker response like either junctional rhythm (giving a normal or near normal QRS appearance and duration) or idioventricular rhythm (with a more bizarre, wide QRS) to take over the ventricles. In the presence of some degree of antegrade and retrograde atrioventricular block, there is a synchronization of independently beating sinus or atrial pacemaker with the junctional or ventricular pacemaker such that each discharges in the absolute refractory period of the other.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
|
Acute coronary syndrome, acute rheumatic fever, amyloidosis, Andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis, Brugada syndrome, cardiac lymphoma, cardiac transplantation, cardioinhibitory syncope, complete heart block, congenital heart disease, congestive heart failure, coronary reperfusion therapy, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Lev's disease, long QT syndrome, myocardial bridging, myocardial contusion, myocardial infarction, myocardial rupture, myocarditis, NSTEMI, pericarditis, Romano-Ward syndrome, sick sinus syndrome, sinoatrial block, sinus arrest, sinus bradycardia, sinus node fibrosis, STEMI, tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome, Timothy syndrome, valvular heart disease
|
| Chemical/Poisoning
|
Berberine, carbamate poisoning, grayanotoxin, organophosphate poisoning, parathion poisoning, poisonous spider bites, pyrethroid poisoning, scorpion toxin
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| Dental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Dermatologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Drug Side Effect
|
Acetylcholine, all-trans retinoic acid, amiodarone, anthracyclines, antiarrhythmic drugs, barbiturate, beta-blockers, bupivacaine, calcium channel blockers, carbamazepine, cholinesterase inhibitors, cimetidine, citalopram, clonidine, daunorubicin, digoxin, diltiazem, diphenhydramine, donepezil, doxorubicin, edrophonium, epirubicin, granisetron, guanethidine, halothane, idarubicin, isoprenaline, lithium, mepivacaine, mesalamine, methyldopa, methylprednisolone, nelfinavir, neostigmine, nicorandil, phenothiazine, phenytoin, procainamide, propafenone, propanolol, propofol, pyridostigmine, quinidine, remifentanil, reserpine, ropivacaine, tacrine, thiamylal, timolol, tramadol, tricyclic antidepressants, urapidil, verapamil
|
| Ear Nose Throat
|
No underlying causes
|
| Endocrine
|
Diabetic ketoacidosis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, pheochromocytoma
|
| Environmental
|
Hypothermia
|
| Gastroenterologic
|
Amyloidosis
|
| Genetic
|
Brugada syndrome, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Kearns-Sayre syndrome, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD1B), long QT syndrome, muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, Romano-Ward syndrome, Timothy syndrome
|
| Hematologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Iatrogenic
|
Cardiac catheterization, cardiac resynchronization therapy, cardiac transplantation, coronary artery bypass grafting, Fontan procedure, heart surgery, post lung transplantation
|
| Infectious Disease
|
Acute rheumatic fever, Chagas disease, diptheria, Lyme disease, septic shock
|
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
|
Muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, Timothy syndrome
|
| Neurologic
|
Severe brain injury
|
| Nutritional/Metabolic
|
Diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia, metabolic acidosis
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Oncologic
|
cardiac lymphoma
|
| Ophthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose/Toxicity
|
No underlying causes
|
| Psychiatric
|
Severe anorexia nervosa, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
|
| Pulmonary
|
Hypoxia
|
| Renal/Electrolyte
|
Acute renal failure, amyloidosis
|
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
|
Neonatal lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, Sjogren's syndrome
|
| Sexual
|
No underlying causes
|
| Trauma
|
Myocardial contusion
|
| Urologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Miscellaneous
|
Idiopathic
|
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
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